Anti-aids piperazines

ABSTRACT

The present invention includes diaromatic substituted heterocyclic compounds (III)   &lt;IMAGE&gt; (III)  which are useful in treating individuals infected with the HIV virus. The invention includes certain previously generically disclosed anti-AIDS piperazinyl compounds (V) and a method of treating HIV infected individuals with the indoles of formula (V) and the anti-AIDS amines (X).

This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 200,094 filed Feb. 22,1994 now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The diaromatic substituted compounds (III), the anti-Aids piperazines(IV), the indoles (V) and the anti-Aids amines (X) of the invention areuseful in the treatment of individuals who are HIV positive whether ornot they show AIDS symptoms at the present time.

2. Description of the Related Art

International Publication No. WO 87101706, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,175,281,discloses compounds which can be visualized assteroid-piperazine-[substituted aromatic] orsteroid-piperazine-[substituted heteroaromatic]. The steroid andpiperazine being "connected" via the C₁₇ side-chain of the steroid.

International Publication No. WO 88/08424 disclosed compounds which canbe visualized as

    [trolox or indole]-connector-piperazine-[substituted aromatic][trolox or indole]-connector-piperazine-[substituted heteroaromatic]

in particular see the compounds of formula (III). None of thosecompounds were disclosed as having the utility set forth in thisinvention. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,120,843 it was disclosed that thecompounds of formula (I) of International Publication No. WO 88/08424were useful against AIDS. The anti-AIDS piperazines (IV) of the presentinvention are a few particular piperazines previously genericallydisclosed in International Publication No. WO 88/08424. The indolescompounds (V) of the present invention have been previously genericallydisclosed in International Publication No. WO 88/08424, see the bicycliccompounds of formula (III) therein.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,728,650 (Kuraray I) discloses hydroxy-trolox compoundssimilar to the compounds of formula (III) of International PublicationNo. WO 88/08424. WO 87/05020 (Kuraray II) discloses additional compoundsof the same type.

An estimated one to one and one-half million people in the United Statesare infected with a human retrovirus, the human immunodeficiency virustype I (HIV-1) which is the etiological agent of acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS, see Science, 661-662 (1986). Of thoseinfected, an estimated two hundred and fifty thousand people willdevelop AIDS in the next five years, see Science, 1352-1357 (1985). OnMar. 20, 1987, the FDA approved the use of the compound, AZT(zidovudine), to treat AIDS patients with a recent initial episode ofpneumocystis carinii pneumonia, AIDS patients with conditions other thanpneumocystis carinii pneumonia or patients infected with the virus withan absolute CD4 lymphocyte count of less than 200/mm³ in the peripheralblood. AZT is a known inhibitor of viral reverse transcriptase, anenzyme necessary for human immunodeficiency virus replication.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,724,232 claims a method of treating humans havingacquired immunodeficiency syndrome utilizing 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-thymidine(azidothymidine, AZT).

It is known in the art that certain antibiotics and polyanionic dyesinhibit retrovirus reverse transcriptase.

Many publications have reported the ability of various sulfatedcompounds to inhibit virus replication, including HIV.

Nature 343, 470 (1990) and Science 250, 1411 (1990) discloses potentbenzodiazepin type reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The compounds ofthe present invention are not benzodiazepin type compounds.

Following the discovery of the anti-HIV activity of AZT, much effort hasbeen focused on a wide variety of other dideoxynucleoside analogues inthe search for superior agents. In the case of the 2', 3'-dideoxyseries, ddC and ddI have shown potent activity against HIV in vitro andhave been evaluated in clinical trials, see Drug News & Perspectives,5(3) 153-169 (1992) in particular page 160. The FDA has approved ddI forthe treatment of HIV-1 infections in adults and pediatrics patients whoare intolerant to, or whose health has significantly deteriorated whileon, AZT treatment, see AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 8(6),963-990, (1992) in particular page 966.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,146,234 and 3,188,313 disclose compounds of the generalformula

    [substituted indol-2-yl]--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --[piperazinyl type]-[aryl/heteroaryl]

The diaromatic substituted compounds (III) and the anti-AIDS piperazines(IV) of the present invention differ from the prior art compounds inthat for the heteroaryl group they require substitution on theheteroaryl group and for the aryl group they require the substitution tobe a group different than that of the groups in U.S. Pat. No. 3,188,313.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,472,855 and 3,562,278 disclose 3-indolinyl compoundswhich are useful as psychomotor depressants. The 2-indolinyl compoundsof the present invention are useful for a totally different purpose,inhibition of HIV-RT and treatment of AIDS.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,362,956 discloses compounds of the general formula

    [3-quinolyl]--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --[piperazinyl type]-[pyridinyl/phenyl].

The diaromatic substituted compounds (III) of the present inventiondiffer from the prior art compounds in that they do not include3-quinolyl type compounds.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,472,854 discloses compounds of the general formula

    [2-benzimidazolyl]--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --[piperazinyl type]-[pyridinyl/phenyl].

The diaromatic substituted compounds (III) of the present inventiondiffer from the prior art compounds in that they do not have a methylenelinker, --(CH₂)_(n) --, when the heteroaryl group is 2-benzimidazolyl.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,491,098 discloses compounds of the general formula

    [4(5)-imidazolyl]--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --[piperazinyl type]-[pyridinyl/phenyl].

The diaromatic substituted compounds (III) of the present inventiondiffer from the prior art compounds in that they require thesubstitution on --φ to be a group different than that of the group inthe U.S. Pat. No. 3,491,098.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,511,841 discloses compounds of the general formula

    [azaindolyl]--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --[piperzinyl type]-[piperdinyl/phenyl][azaindolyl]--CO--[piperzinyl type]-[pyridinyl/phenyl]

The diaromatic substituted compounds (III) of the present inventiondiffer from the prior art compounds in that they require thesubstitution on --φ to be a group different than that of the group inU.S. Pat. No. 3,188,313.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,302,589 discloses 3-indolinyl compounds with a methylgroup at the C₂ position of the indole and an ethyl bridge between theindole and piperazine which are useful as anti-psychotics. The2-indolinyl compounds of the present invention are useful for a totallydifferent purpose, inhibition of HIV-RT and treatment of AIDS.

European patent publication 345,808 discloses3-indolinyl-piperazinyl-[substituted 2-pyridinyl] compounds (example 66)which are useful as anti-depressants. The 2-indolinyl compounds of thepresent invention are useful for a totally different purpose, inhibitionof HIV-RT and treatment of AIDS.

There are a number of other chemically unrelated compounds which havebeen reported to inhibit HIV and/or be useful in the treatment of AIDS.

EP 0 154 969 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,613,598 disclose compounds of theformula

    [substituted]-aromatic--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.3-5 --[piperazinyl]--Ar [substituted]-aromatic--CHOH--(CH.sub.2).sub.3-5 --[piperazinyl]--Ar

where Ar is pyridinyl, --φ or substituted --φ which have the ability tolower blood pressure.

VINITI, 3979-82 (1982) in Russian and Chem. Abst. 100(7) 51549b (1984)discloses a compound which can be represented at

    5-methoxy[indol-2-yl]--CO--piperazinyl-[2-quinolinyl]

which differs from the claimed compounds in that none of the claimedcompounds have quinoline structure of any bicyclic structure attached tothe piperazinyl moiety.

JP 01132579 (1987) discloses compounds which can be represented as(optionally substituted)-[Indol-2-yl]--CO--piperazinyl--(CH₂)_(n)--[pyridinyl] which have very strong blood platelet agglutinationinhibiting activity where n is 1-5 which differs from the claimedcompounds in that the claimed compounds do not permit any linking groupbetween the piperazinyl moiety and the phenyl or pyridinyl substituent.

Indian J. Chem. Sec. B, 17B(3), 246-9 (1979) from Indian J. Med. Res.,63(10), 1418-25 (1975) disclose compounds which can be represented as

    (non-substituted)-[indol-2-yl]-CO-piperazinyl-(CH.sub.2).sub.n -[optionally substituted) phenyl]

The Indian J. Chem. Sect. B, 17B(3), 246-9 (1979) reported on p. 247that none of the compounds showed any noteworthy (CNS) biologicalactivity. The Indian J. Med. Res., 63(10), 1418-25 (1975) reported someof the compounds they prepared had anti-viral activity against Semlikiforest virus (SFV) in mice. One compounds, a dihydroisoquinolin wastested and found to be inactive against new castle disease virus inchick embryo. These compounds differ from the claimed compounds in thatthe claimed compounds require the indole group to be substituted andhave a heteroaryl moiety (2-pyridinyl) attached directly to thepiperazinyl substituent, not an aryl group (phenyl).

International Publication EP 370 381 A2, published 5 May 1990 disclosescompounds which can be represented as

    [heteroaryl]-CO-piperazinyl-[quinolinone]

where heteroaryl includes 2-indolyl which differ from the claimedcompounds in that none of the claimed compounds have quinoline structureor any bicyclic structure attached to the piperazinyl moiety. Thedisclosed compounds possess cardiotonic and hypotensiv activities andthe capability of reducing the heart rate.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,032,598 and 5,215,989 discloses anti-arrhythmiccompounds of the formula

    R.sup.2 R.sup.3 Ar--[B]--X--Q--Y--R.sup.1

which of the appropriate substituents were selected genericallyencompasses the diaromatic substituted compounds of formula (III),anti-AIDS piperazines (IV) and the indoles compounds (V) of the presentinvention.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

Disclosed are diaromatic substituted compounds of formula (III) ##STR2##where R₁ is --CH₂ --,

    --CO--,

    --CO--CH.sub.2 --,

    --CH═CH--CO--;

where Z is ##STR3## where (I) R₂ is ═O or R₂₋₁ :R₂₋₂ where one of R₂₋₁and R₂₋₂ is --H and the other of R₂₋₁ and R₂₋₂ is --H or --CH₃,

R₃ is ═O or R₃₋₁ :R₃₋₂ where one of R₃₋₁ and R₃₋₂ is --H and the otherof R₃₋₁ and R₃₋₂ is --H or --CH₃,

R₄ is R₄₋₁ :R₄₋₂ and R₅ is R₅₋₁ :R₅₋₂ where on of R₄₋₁ and R₄₋₂ is --Hand the other of R₄₋₁ and R₄₋₂ is --H or --CH₃, where one of R₅₋₁ andR₅₋₂ is --H and the other of R₅₋₁ and R₅₋₂ is --H or --CH₃,

(II) R₄ is R₄₋₃ :R₄₋₄ and R₅ is R₅₋₃ :R₅₋₄ where one of R₄₋₃ and R₄₋₄and one of R₅₋₃ and R₅₋₄ are taken together to form --CH₂ -- and theother of R₄₋₃ and R₄₋₄, and R₅₋₃ and R₅₋₄ are --H, R₂ and R₃ are--H:--H,

(III) R₂ is R₂₋₅ :R₂₋₆ and R₅ is R₅₋₅ :R₅₋₆ where one of R₂₋₅ and R₂₋₆and one of R₅₋₅ and R₅₋₆ are taken together to form --CH₂ --CH₂ -- andthe other of R₂₋₅ and R₂₋₆, and R₅₋₅ and R₅₋₆ are --H, and R₃ and R₄ are--H:--H,

(IV) R₃ is R₃₋₅ :R₃₋₆ and R₄ is R₄₋₅ :R₅₋₆ where one of R₃₋₅ and R₃₋₆and one of R₄₋₅ and R₄₋₆ are taken together to form --CH₂ --CH₂ -- andthe other of R₃₋₅ and R₃₋₆, and R₄₋₅ and R₄₋₆ are --H, and R₂ and R₅ are--H:--H,

    --Y.sub.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.n11 --Z.sub.2 --(CH.sub.2).sub.n26 --Y.sub.2 --(Z-II)

where n₁₁ is 1 thru 5,

n₂₆ is 1 thru 5,

Y₁ is --O--, --S--,

--N(Y₁₋₁)-- where Y₁₋₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

--C(Y₁₋₂)(Y₁₋₃) where Y₁₋₂ and Y₁₋₃ are the same or different and are--H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

Y₂ is --O--, --S--,

--N(Y₂₋₁)-- where Y₂₋₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

--C(Y₂₋₂)(Y₂₋₃) where Y₂₋₂ and Y₂₋₃ are the same or different and are--H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

Z is nothing (a bond) --O--, --S--,

--N(Z₂₋₁)-- where Z₂₋₁ is --H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

--C.tbd.C--,

--C(Z₂₋₂)(Z₂₋₃)-- where Z₂₋₂ and Z₂₋₃ are the same or different and are--H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

cis and trans --C(Z₂₋₂)═C(Z₂₋₃)-- where Z₂₋₂ and Z₂₋₃ are the same ordifferent and are --H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl, with the provisos (1) that whenY₁ is --O--, --S-- or --N(Y₁₋₁)--, then n₁₁ is 1 only when Z₂ is nothing(a bond), --C.tbd.C--, --C(Z₂₋₂)(Z₂₋₃)-- or --C(Z₂₋₂)═C(Z₂₋₃)-- and (2)that when Y₂ is --O--, --S-- or --N(Y₂₋₁)--, then n₂₆ is 1 only when Z₂is nothing (a bond), --C.tbd.C--, --C(Z₂₋₂)(Z₂₋₃)-- or--C(Z₂₋₂)═C(Z₂₋₃)--, ##STR4## where n₁₂ is 1 or 2 and n₁₃ is 1 or 2,with the proviso that n₁₂ and n₁₃ can not both be 1, ##STR5## where n₁₂and n₁₃ are as defined above, ##STR6## where Y₃ is --N(Y₃₋₁)-- whereY₃₋₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl and n₁₂ and n₁₃ are as defined above;

R₆ is --N═,

--CH═,

--N(O)═,

R₇ is --CO--N(R₇₋₃)(R₇₋₄) where R₇₋₃ and R₇₋₄ are the same or differentand are --H or C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

--N(R₇₋₅)(R₇₋₆) where R₇₋₅ is

C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

--C(R₇₋₁₅)(R₇₋₁₆)-(R₇₋₁₇) where R₇₋₁₅ and R₇₋₁₆ are the same ordifferent and are --H or C₁ -C₃ alkyl and where R₇₋₁₇ is C₂ -C₅ alkenylcontaining 1 or 2 double bonds or C₂ -C₅ alkynyl containing 1 triplebond,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --OH,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --CH₂ --OH,

--CH(CH₃)CH₂ --O--CH₃,

--CH(CH₃)CH₂ --OH,

--CH₂ --CF₃,

--CH₂ --cyclopropyl,

--CH₂ --CH₂ F,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --C.tbd.N,

--C*R₇₋₁₈ --(CH₂)_(n14) --C*H₂ where R₇₋₁₈ is --H or --CH₃, n₁₄ is 1thru 5 and the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk (*) are bonded toeach other to resulting in the formation of a ring,

--(CH₂)n₁ --N(R₇₋₇)(R₇₋₈) where n₁ is 2 or 3 and where R₇₋₇ and R₇₋₈ arethe same or different and are --H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl, and where R₇₋₇ andR₇₋₈ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atoms to form aheterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl,1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl, 1-aziridinyl,

and were R₇₋₆ is --H,

C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

--C(R₇₋₁₅)(R₇₋₁₆)-(R₇₋₁₇) where R₇₋₁₅, R₇₋₁₆ and R₇₋₁₇ are as definedabove,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --OH,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --CH₂ --OH,

--CH₂ CF₃,

--CH₂ --CH₂ F,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --C.tbd.N,

or where R₇₋₅ and R₇₋₆ are taken together with the attached nitrogenatom to form a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl, N-morpholinyl or1-aziridinyl,

--(CH₂)_(n4) --N(R₇₋₉)(R₇₋₁₀) where n₄ is 1 or 2 and where R₇₋₉ andR₇₋₁₀ are the same or different and are --H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl, and whereR₇₋₉ and R₇₋₁₀ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom toform a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

R₈ is --N═,

--CR₈₋₁ ═ where R₈₋₁ is --H, --F, --Cl, --Br, --CF₃,

--NO₂, --COCF₃,

C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

C₁ -C₃ alkylthio,

--OH,

--O--R₈₋₂ where R₈₋₂ is C₁ -C₆ alkyl, --φ, --CO--R₈₋₃ where R₈₋₃ is C₁-C₆ alkyl or --φ,

--NH(R₈₋₄) where R₈₋₄ is

C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

--C(R₈₋₇)(R₈₋₈)-(R₈₋₉) where R₈₋₇ and R₈₋₈ are the same or different andare --H or C₁ -C₃ alkyl and where R₈₋₉ is C₂ -C₅ alkenyl containing 1 or2 double bonds or C₂ -C₅ alkynyl containing 1 triple bond,

--NR₈₋₅ --CO--R₈₋₆ where R₈₋₅ is --H or C₁ -C₆ alkyl and R₈₋₆ is --H, C₁-C₆ alkyl or C₁ -C₃ alkoxy;

R₉ is --N═,

--CR₉₋₁ ═ where R₉₋₁ is --H, --F, --Cl, --Br,

--NO₂, --COCF₃,

C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

C₁ -C₃ alkylthio,

--OH,

--O--R₉₋₂ where R₉₋₂ is C₁ -C₆ alkyl, --φ, --CO--R₉₋₃ where R₉₋₃ is C₁-C₆ alkyl or --φ,

--N(R₉₋₄)(R₉₋₅) where R₉₋₄ and R₉₋₅ are the same or different and are

--H,

C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

--C(R₉₋₈)(R₉₋₉)-(R₉₋₁₀) where R₉₋₈ and R₉₋₉ are the same or differentand are --H, or C₁ -C₃ alkyl and where R₉₋₁₀ is C₂ -C₁₀ is C₂ -C₅alkenyl containing 1 or 2 double bonds or C₂ -C₅ alkynyl containing 1triple bond,

R₉₋₄ and R₉₋₅ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to forma heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

--NR₉₋₆ --CO--R₉₋₇ where R₉₋₆ is --H or C₁ -C₆ alkyl and R₉₋₇ is --H, C₁-C₆ alkyl or C₁ -C₃ alkoxy;

R₁₀ is --N═,

--CR₁₀₋₁ ═ where R₁₀₋₁ is --H, --F, --Cl, --Br, --CF₃,

--NO₂, --COCF₃,

C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

C₁ -C₃ alkylthio,

--OH,

--O--R₁₀₋₂ where R₁₀₋₂ is C₁ -C₆ alkyl, --φ, --CO--R₁₀₋₃ where R₁₀₋₃ isC₁ -C₆ alkyl or --φ,

--N(R₁₀₋₄)(R₁₀₋₅) where R₁₀₋₄ and R₁₀₋₅ are the same or different andare --H,

C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

--C(R₁₀₋₈)(R₁₀₋₉)-(R₁₀₋₁₀) where R₁₀₋₈ and R₁₀₋₉ are the same ordifferent and are --H or C₁ -C₃ alkyl and where R₁₀₋₁₀ is C₂ -C₅ alkenylcontaining 1 or 2 double bonds or C₂ -C₅ alkynyl containing 1 triplebond,

--NR₁₀₋₆ --CO--R₁₀₋₇ where R₁₀₋₆ is --H or C₁ -C₆ alkyl and R₁₀₋₇ is--H, C₁ -C₆ alkyl or C₁ -C₃ alkoxy;

with the proviso that not more than two of R₆, R₈, R₉ and R₁₀ are --N═;

Aryl/Heteroaryl is a substituent selected from the group of substituentsof formula (1) ##STR7## where X₁ is --H, C₁ -C₆ n-alkyl,

X₂ is --H, C₁ -C₆ n-alkyl,

X₃ is C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

--CO--X₃₋₁ where X₃₋₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl or --φ,

--CH₂ --φ,

--φ;

. . of formula (2) ##STR8## where X₄ and X₅ are the same or differentand are --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

--(CH₂)_(n5) --N(X₄₋₁)(X₄₋₂) where n₅ is 2 or 3 and where X₄₋₁ and X₄₋₂are the same or different and are --H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl or where X₄₋₁ andX₄₋₂ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form aheterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl,1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

and where X₄ and X₅ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atomto form a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

and where X₁ and X₂ are as defined above, with the proviso that both X₄and X₅ are not both --H;

. . of formula (3) ##STR9## where X₆ is --H, C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

--F, --Cl, Br,

--OH, --O--CH₂ --φ, --O--CF₃,

--O--CH₂ --COOX₆₋₁₄ where X₆₋₁₄ is --H, C₁ -C₆ alkyl, --φ, --CH₂ --φ,

--CHO,

C₁ -C₃ alkoxy,

C₁ -C₃ alkylthio,

--O--CO--X₆₋₁ where X₆₋₁ is --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl or --φ,

--O--SO₂ --X₆₋₁₂ where X₆₋₁₂ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

--COO--X₆₋₁₃ where X₆₋₁₃ is --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl, --φ or --CH₂ --φ,

--C.tbd.N,

--NO₂, --N₃,

--NX₆₋₁₀ X₆₋₁₁ where X₆₋₁₀ and X₆₋₁₁ are the same or different and are--H or C₁ -C₅ alkyl or where X₆₋₁₀ and X₆₋₁₁ are taken together with theattached nitrogen atom to form a heterocyclic ring selected from thegroup consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl,N-morpholinyl or 1-aziridinyl,

--N(X₆₋₂)(CH₂)_(n3) --N(X₆₋₃)(X₆₋₄) where n₃ is 2 thru 5, X₆₋₂ is --H orC₁₋₄ alkyl, X₆₋₃ is --H or C₁₋₄ alkyl, X₆₋₄ is --H or C₁₋₄ alkyl, orwhere X₆₋₃ and X₆₋₄ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atomto form a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperdinyl, 1-piperazinyl, N-morpholinyl or1-aziridinyl,

--O--CO--(CH₂)_(n3) --COOH, where n₃ is as defined above,

--O--(CH₂)_(n3) --N(X₆₋₃)(X₆₋₄) where n₃, X₆₋₃ and X₆₋₄ are as definedabove,

--(CH₂)_(n24) --OH, where n₂₄ is 1 thru 5,

--(CH₂)_(n6) --N(X₆₋₅)(X₆₋₆) where n₆ is 1 thru 5 and X₆₋₅ and X₆₋₆ arethe same or different and are --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl or where X₆₋₅ and X₆₋₆are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form aheterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl,1-piperdinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

--NH--SO₂ --X₆₋₇ where X₆₋₇ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl, C₃ -C₇ cycloalkyl, --φ or--CH₂ --φ,

--N═C(X₆₋₄)--N(X₆₋₇)(X₆₋₈) where

(a) X₆₋₈ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl, C₃ -C₇ cycloalkyl or --φ and where X₆₋₄ is --Hor C₁₋₄ alkyl, and X₆₋₇ is as defined above,

(b) X₆₋₇ and X₆₋₈ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom toform a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

(c) X₆₋₄ and X₆₋₇ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom toform a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperdinyl,

--NX₆₋₄ --CO--X₆₋₉ where X₆₋₉ is --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl or --φ and where X₆₋₄is is --H or C₁₋₄ alkyl,

--O--prodrug where prodrug is

--PO₂ --O⁻ cation⁺,

--CO--CH₂ --CO--NH--CH₂ ----SO₂ --O⁻ cation⁺,

--CO--(CH₂)_(n21) --R₅₁ where n₂₁ is 1-7 and R₅₁ is

--COO⁻ cation⁺,

--NR₅₁₋₁ R₅₁₋₂ where R₅₁₋₁ and R₅₁₋₂ are the same or different and are--H or C₁ -C₃ alkyl,

--N⁺ R₅₁₋₁ R₅₁₋₂ R₅₁₋₃ halide⁻ where R₅₁₋₁, R₅₁₋₂ and R₅₁₋₃ are the sameor different and are --H or C₁ -C₃ alkyl, and where halide is --Cl or--Br,

--CO--CH(AA)--NH₂ where AA is --CH₃, --CH(CH₃)₂, --CH₂ --CH(CH₃)₂, --CH₂--OH, --CH(OH)(CH₃), --CH₂ --φ, --CH₂ --[p-hydroxyphenyl], --CH₂--[3-indolyl], --CH_(2--S--S--CH) ₂ --CH(NH₂)--COOH, --CH₂ SH, --CH₂ CH₂--S--CH₃, --CH₂ --COOH, --CH₂ --CO--NH₂, --CH₂ --CH₂ --COOH, --CH₂ --CH₂--CO--NH₂, --CH₂ --[2-HISTIDYL], --(CH₂)₃ --NH--C(NH)--NH₂, --(CH₂)₄--NH₂, --CH₂ --CH₂ --CH(OH)--CH₂ --NH₂, --(CH₂)₃ --NH₂, --(CH₂)₃--NH--CO--NH₂ --CH₂ CH₂ --OH,

--CO--CH═CH--CO--O⁻ cation⁺,

--CO--N*--CH═CH--N═CH* where the atoms marked with an asterisk (*) arebonded to each other resulting in the formation of a ring,

40(NHR₅₂)--benzoyl,

--CO--C*═CH--CH═C(--NR₅₂)--CH═CH* where R₅₂ is --H or C₁ -C₃ alkyl andwhere the atoms marked with an asterisk (*) are bonded to each otherresulting in the formation of a ring,

--CO--(CH₂)_(n21) --CO--O--[C₆ H₁₂ O₆ sugars],

--CO--O--CH(CH₂ --O--CO--R₅₃)₂ where the R₅₃ 's are the same ordifferent and are C₁ -C₁₈,

--CO--(CH₂)₆ --CO--N(CH₃)--CH₂ --CH₂ --SO₃ ⁻ cation⁺,

--CH₂ --O--CO--(CH₂)_(n21) --NR₅₁₋₁ R₅₁₋₂ where n₂₁, R₅₁₋₁ and R₅₁₋₂ areas defined above,

--CO--NH--C₆ H₄ --R₅₅ where R₅₅ is --H or C₁ -C₃ alkyl, --NO₂, --NR₅₁₋₁R₅₁₋₂ where R₅₁₋₁ and R₅₁₋₂ are as defined above,

--NX₆₋₄ -prodrug where X₆₋₄ and prodrug are as defined above except thatprodrug is not --PO₂ --O⁻,

n₂ is 1 thru 3, the X₆ 's can be the same or can be different and wherewhen n₂ is 2 and the two X₆ groups are ortho to each other they can betaken together to form --O--CH₂ --O--; with the proviso that if n₂ is 2or 3, only one of the X₆ 's can be a prodrug, . . . or formula (4)##STR10## where Q₁ is --NX₁₁₋₋ where X₁₁ is --H, --SO₂ --φ, --SO₂ --CH₃,--CO--X₁₁₋₁ where X₁₁₋₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl, --CF₃ --φ;

Q₂ is --N═ provided R₁ is not --CH₂ --,

--CX₁₂ ═ where X₁₂ is

--COO--X₁₂₋₁ where X₁₂₋₁ is --H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

--CO--N(X₁₂₋₂)(X₁₂₋₃) where X₁₂₋₂ and X₁₂₋₃ are the same or differentand are --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl or where X₁₂₋₂ and X₁₂₋₃ are taken togetherwith the attached nitrogen atom to form a heterocyclic ring selectedfrom the group consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl,1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

--CO--COO--X₁₂₋₁ where X₁₂₋₁ is as defined above,

C₁ -C₃ alkyl,

--CO--φ,

--CO--X₁₂₋₁ where X₁₂₋₁ is as defined above, --CO--CO--N(X₁₂₋₂)(X₁₂₋₃)where X₁₂₋₂ and X₁₂₋₃ are as defined above,

--(CH₂)_(n23) --OH where n₂₃ is 1 or 2,

and where X₆ and n₂ are as defined above,

. . of formula (6) ##STR11## . . . of formula (7) ##STR12## where . . .is a single or double bond, X₁₄ is --H,

--O--CH₂ --φ, --O--CF₃,

--O--CH₂ --COOR₁₄₋₁₀ where R₁₄₋₁₀ is --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl, --φ or --CH₂--φ,

C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

--F, --Cl, Br,

--O--SO₂ --X₁₄₋₁₁ where X₁₄₋₁₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

--C.tbd.N,

--CHO,

--(CH₂)_(n25) --OH where n₂₅ is 1 thru 5,

--NO₂, --NH₂, --N₃,

--NH--CH₂ --φ, --NH--SO₂ --X₁₄₋₁ where X₁₄₋₁ is C₁ -C₆ alkyl, C₃ -C₇cycloalkyl or --φ,

--NX₁₄₋₂ (CH₂)_(n3) --N(X₁₄₋₃)(X₁₄₋₄) where n₃ is 2 thru 5, X₁₄₋₂ is --Hor C₁₋₄ alkyl, X₁₄₋₃ is --H or C₁₋₄ alkyl, X₁₄₋₄ is --H or C₁₋₄ alkyl,or where X₁₄₋₃ and X₁₄₋₄ are taken together with the attached nitrogenatom to form a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperdinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

--NX₁₄₋₁₃ X₁₄₋₁₄ where X₁₄₋₁₃ and X₁₄₋₁₄ are the same or different andare --H or C₁ -C₅ alkyl or where X₁₄₋₁₃ and X₁₄₋₁₄ are taken togetherwith the attached nitrogen atom to form a heterocyclic ring selectedfrom the group consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl,1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

--(CH₂)_(n6) --N(X₁₄₋₅)(X₁₄₋₆) where n₆ is 1 thru 5 and X₁₄₋₅ and X₁₄₋₆are the same or different and are --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl or where X₁₄₋₅ andX₁₄₋₆ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form aheterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl,1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

--N═C(X₁₄₋₄)--N(X₁₄₋₇)(X₁₄₋₈) where

(a) X₁₄₋₇ and X₁₄₋₈ are C₁ -C₇ alkyl, C₃ -C₇ cycloalkyl or --φ, whereX₁₄₋₄ is as defined above,

(b) X₁₄₋₇ and X₁₄₋₈ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atomto form a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

(c) X₁₄₋₄ and X₁₄₋₇ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atomto form a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl or 1-piperdinyl,

--CO--O--X₁₄₋₇ where X₁₄₋₇ is as defined above,

--CO--N(X₁₄₋₇)(X₁₄₋₈) where X₁₄₋₇ and X₁₄₋₈ are as defined above,

--N(X₁₄₋₂)--CO--X₁₄₋₉ where X₁₄₋₉ is --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl or --φ whereX₁₄₋₂ is defined above,

--N(X₁₄₋₂) prodrug, where prodrug is as defined above except that it isnot --PO₂ --O⁻, and when X₁₄₋₂ is as defined above,

n₇ is 0 thru 2,

X₆ and Q₁ are as defined above;

. . of formula (8) ##STR13## where X₂₁ is --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl, --CO--(C₁-C₄ alkyl), --CH₂ --φ or -prodrug where prodrug is as defined above,

X₂₂, X₂₃ and X₂₄ are the same or different and are

--F, --Cl, Br,

--OH, --O--CH₂ --φ, --O--CF₃, --O--CH₂ --COOH,

C₁ -C₃ alkoxy,

C₁ -C₃ alkylthio,

--O--CO--X₂₂₋₁ where X₂₂₋₁ is --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl or --φ,

--NO₂, --NH₂, --N₃,

--C.tbd.N,

--NX₂₂₋₂ (CH₂)_(n9) --N(X₂₂₋₃)(X₂₂₋₄) where n₉ is 2 thru 5, X₂₂₋₂ is --Hor C₁ -C₄ alkyl, X₂₂₋₃ is --H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl, X₂₂₋₄ is --H or C₁ -C₄alkyl, and where X₂₂₋₃ and X₂₂₋₄ are taken together with the attachednitrogen atom to form a heterocyclic ring selected from the groupconsisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1piperdinyl, 1-piperazinyl orN-morpholinyl,

--O--CO--(CH₂)_(n9) --COOH, where n₉ is as defined above,

--O--(CH₂)_(n9) --N(X₂₂₋₃)(X₂₂₋₄) where n₉, X₂₂₋₃ and X₂₂₋₄ are asdefined above,

--(CH₂)_(n10) --N(X₂₂₋₅)(X₂₂₋₆) where n₁₀ is 1 thru 5 and X₂₂₋₅ andX₂₂₋₆ are the same or different and are --H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl and whereX₂₂₋₅ and X₂₂₋₆ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom toform a heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperdinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

--N(X₂₂₋₇)(X₂₂₋₈) where X₂₂₋₇ and X₂₂₋₈ are C₁ -C₆ alkyl, C₃ -C₇cycloalkyl or --φ,

and where any adjacent two of --O--X₂₁, X₂₂, X₂₃ or X₂₄ are takentogether to form a methylenedioxy group (--O--CH₂ --O--),

Q₁ . . . are as defined above;

. . of formula (9) ##STR14## where X₁₀ is --H, --F, --Cl or --Br, Q₃ is--CH═ or Q₂ where Q₂ is as defined above,

X₆ and X₁₁ are as defined above;

. . of formula (10) ##STR15## where X₆, X₁₁ and Q₃ are as defined above;. . . of formula (11) ##STR16## where X₇ is --H, --SO₂ --φ, --SO₂ --CH₃,--CO--X₇₋₁ where X₇₋₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl or --φ,

X₈ is --H, C₁ -C₆ alkyl, --CH₂ --φ, --SO₂ --φ, --SO₂ --CH₃, --CO--X₈₋₁where X₈₋₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl or --φ,

. . is as defined above;

. . of formula (15) ##STR17## where Q₃ and X₁₁ are as defined above; . .. of formula (16) ##STR18## where Q₃ and X₁₁ are as defined above; . . .of formula (17) ##STR19## where Q₃ and X₁₁ are as defined above; . . .of formula (18) ##STR20## where Q₃ and X₁₁ are as defined above; . . .of formula (19) ##STR21## where Q₃ and X₁₁ are as defined above; . . .of formula (20) ##STR22## where Q₃ and X₁₁ are as defined above; . . .of formula (21) ##STR23## where Q₁, X₆ and n₇ are as defined above; withthe proviso that one of R₇₋₅ or R₇₋₆ must be --H when R₆ is not --N═,enantiomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates and solvatesthereof.

Also disclosed are anti-AIDS piperazines (IV) selected from the groupconsisting of compounds of EXAMPLES 1, 3-5, 7, 12, 16, 26, 28, 37, 38,42, 45, 64, 77, 78, 80, 107, 116, 135, 136 and 145-148 enantiomers,pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates and solvates thereof.

Further disclosed is a method of treating an individual infected withthe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which comprises administering aneffective amount of an indole of formula (V) ##STR24## where R_(1A) is--CH₂ --, --CO--,

--SO₂ --,

--CH═CH--CO--,

--CO--CH₂ --,

where Z is ##STR25## where (I) R₂ is ═O or R₂₋₁ :R₂₋₂ where one of R₂₋₁and R₂₋₂ is --H and the other of R₂₋₁ and R₂₋₂ is --H or --CH₃,

R₃ is ═O or R₃₋₁ :R₃₋₂ where one of R₃₋₁ and R₃₋₂ is --H and the otherof R₃₋₁ and R₃₋₂ is --H or --CH₃,

R₄ is R₄₋₁ :R₄₋₂ and R₅ is R₅₋₁ :R₅₋₂ where one of R₄₋₁ and R₄₋₂ is --Hand the other of R₄₋₁ and R₄₋₂ is --H or --CH₃, where one of R₅₋₁ andR₅₋₂ is --H and the other of R₅₋₁ and R₅₋₂ is --H or --CH₃,

(II) R₄ is R₄₋₃ :R₄₋₄ and R₅ is R₅₋₃ :R₅₋₄ where one of R₄₋₃ and R₄₋₄and one of R₅₋₃ and R₅₋₄ are taken together to form --CH₂ -- and theother of R₄₋₃ and R₄₋₄, and R₅₋₃ and R₅₋₄ are --H, R₂ and R₃ are--H:--H,

(III) R₂ is R₂₋₅ :R₂₋₆ and R₅ is R₅₋₅ :R₅₋₆ where one of R₂₋₅ and R₂₋₆and one of R₅₋₅ and R₅₋₆ are taken together to form --CH₂ --CH₂ -- andthe other of R₂₋₅ and R₂₋₆, and R₅₋₅ and R₅₋₆ are --H, and R₃ and R₄ are--H:--H,

(IV) R₃ is R₃₋₅ :R₃₋₆ and R₄ is R₄₋₅ :R₅₋₆ where one of R₃₋₅ and R₃₋₆and one of R₄₋₅ and R₄₋₆ are taken together to form --CH₂ --CH₂ -- andthe other of R₃₋₅ and R₃₋₆, and R₄₋₅ and R₄₋₆ are --H, and R₂ and R₄ are--H:--H,

    --Y.sub.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.n11 --Z.sub.2 --(CH.sub.2).sub.n26 --Y.sub.2 --(Z-II)

where n₁₁ is 1 thru 5,

n₂₆ is 1 thru 5,

Y₁ is --O--, --S--,

--N(Y₁₋₁)-- where Y₁₋₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

--C(Y₁₋₂)(Y₁₋₃) where Y₁₋₂ and Y₁₋₃ are the same or different and are--H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

Y₂ is --O--, --S--,

--N(Y₂₋₁)-- where Y₂₋₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

--C(Y₂₋₃)(Y₂₋₃) where Y₂₋₂ and Y₂₋₃ are the same of different and are--H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

Z₂ is nothing (a bond), --O--, --S--,

--N(Z₂₋₁)-- where Z₂₋₁ is --H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

--C.tbd.C--,

--C(Z₂₋₂)(Z₂₋₃)-- where Z₂₋₂ and Z₂₋₃ are the same of different and are--H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl,

cis and trans --C(Z₂₋₂)═C(Z₂₋₃)-- where Z₂₋₂ and Z₂₋₃ are the same ofdifferent and are --H or C₁ -C₄ alkyl, with the provisos (1) that whenY₁ is --O--, --S-- or --N(Y₁₋₁)--, the n₁₁ is 1 only when Z₂ is nothing(a bond), --C.tbd.C--, --C(Z₂₋₂)(Z₂₋₃)-- or --C(Z₂₋₂)═C(Z₂₋₃)-- and (2)that when Y₂ is --O--, --S-- or --N(Y₂₋₁)--, then n₂₆ is 1 only when Z₂is nothing (a bond), --C.tbd.C--, --C(Z₂₋₂)(Z₂₋₃)-- or--C(Z₂₋₂)═C(Z₂₋₃)--, ##STR26## where n₁₂ is 1 or 2 and n₁₃ is 1 or 2,with the proviso that n₁₂ and n₁₃ are not both --H, ##STR27## where n₁₂and n₁₃ are as defined above, where n₁₂ and n₁₃ are not both 1,##STR28## where Y₃ is --N(Y₃₋₁)-- where Y₃₋₁ is C₁ -C₄ alkyl and n₁₂ andn₁₃ are as defined above;

R₆ is --N═,

--CH═,

--N(O)═;

R_(7A) is --S--R_(7A-1) where R_(7A-1) is C₁ -C₆ alkyl,

--O--R_(7A-2) where R_(7A-2) is

C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

--C(R_(7A-15))(R_(7A-16))-(R_(7A-17)) where R_(7A-15) and R_(7A-16) arethe same or different and are --H or C₁ --C₃ alkyl and where R_(7A-17)is C₂ --C₅ alkenyl containing 1 or 2 double bonds or C₂ --C₅ alkynylcontaining 1 triple bond,

--CO--R₇ A₋₁₁ where R₇ A₋₁₁ is --H,

C₂ --C₆ alkyl,

C₂ --C₆ alkenyl containing 1 or 2 double bonds,

C₂ --C₆ alkynyl containing 1 triple bond,

--CH₂ -φ,

-φ optionally substituted with 1 thru 3

--CF₃,

C₁ --C₄ alkyl,

--OH,

C₁ --C₃ alkylthio,

--O--CO--R_(7A-12) where R_(7A-12) is C₁ --C₆ alkyl or -φ,

--F, --Cl, --Br,

--CO--CF₃,

--NO₂,

--N(R_(7A-13))(R_(7A-14)) where R₇ A₋₁₃ and R_(7A-14) are the same ordifferent and are --H, C₁ --C₃ alkyl and where R_(7A-13) and R_(7A-14)are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form aheterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl,1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

--COO--R_(7A-11) where R_(7A-11) is as defined above,

--CO--N(R_(7A-3))(R_(7A-4)) where R_(7A-3) and R_(7A-4) are the same ordifferent and are --H or C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

--N(R_(7A-5))(R_(7A-6)) where R_(7A-5) is

C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

--C(R_(7A-15))(R_(7A-16))-(R_(7A-17)) where R_(7A-15), R_(7A-16) andR_(7A-17) are as defined above,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --OH,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --CH₂ --OH,

--CH(CH₃)CH₂ --O--CH₃,

--CH₂ --cyclopropyl,

--CH(CH₃)CH₂ --OH,

--CH₂ --CF₃,

--CH₂ --CH₂ F,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --C.tbd.N,

--C*H--(CH₂)_(n14) --C*H₂ where n₁₄ is 1 thru 5 and the carbon atomsmarked with an (*) are bonded to each other to resulting in theformation of a ring,

--(CH₂)n₁ --N(R_(7A-7))(R_(7A-8)) where n₁ is 2 or 3 and where R_(7A-7)and R_(7A-8) are the same or different and are --H or C₁ --C₄ alkyl, andwhere R_(7A-7) and R_(7A-8) are taken together with the attachednitrogen atom to form a heterocyclic ring selected from the groupconsisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl,N-morpholinyl, 1-aziridinyl,

and where R_(7A-6) is --H,

C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

--C(R_(7A-15))(R_(7A-16))-(R_(7A-17)) where R_(7A-15), R_(7A-16) andR_(7A-17) are as defined above,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --OH,

--CH₂ --CH₂ --CH₂ --OH,

--CH₂ CF₃,

--CH₂ --CH₂ F,

--CH₂ --CH₂ 13 C.tbd.N, or where R_(7A-5) and R_(7A-6) are takentogether with the attached nitrogen atom to form a heterocyclic ringselected from the group consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl,1-piperazinyl, N-morpholinyl or 1-aziridinyl,

--(CH₂)_(n4) --N(R_(7A-9))(R_(7A-10)) where n₄ is 1 or 2 and whereR_(7A-9) and R_(7A-10) are the same or different and are --H or C₁ --C₄alkyl, and where R_(7A-9) and R₇ A₋₁₀ are taken together with theattached nitrogen atom to form a heterocyclic ring selected from thegroup consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl orN-morpholinyl,

R₈ is --N═, --CR₈₋₁ ═ where R₈₋₁ is --H, --F, --Cl, --Br, --CF₃, --NO₂,--COCF₃,

C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

C₁ --C₃ alkylthio,

--OH,

--O--R₈₋₂ where R₈₋₂ is C₁ --C₆ alkyl, -φ, --CO--R₈₋₃ where R₈₋₃ is C₁--C₆ alkyl or -φ,

--NH(R₈₋₄) where R₈₋₄ is

C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

--C(R₈₋₇)(R₈₋₈)-(R₈₋₉) where R₈₋₇ and R₈₋₈ are the same or different andare --H or C₁ --C₃ alkyl and where R₈₋₉ is C₂ --C₅ alkenyl containing 1or 2 double bonds or C₂ --C₅ alkynyl containing 1 triple bond,

--NR₈₋₅ --CO--R₈₋₆ where R₈₋₅ is --H or C₁ --C₆ alkyl and R₈₋₆ is --H,C₁ --C₆ alkyl or C₁ --C₃ alkoxy;

R₉ is --N═ or --CR₉₋₁ ═ where R₉₋₁ is --H, --F, --Cl, --Br, --NO₂,--COCF₃,

C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

C₁ --C₃ alkylthio,

--OH,

--O--R₉₋₂ where R₉₋₂ is C₁ --C₆ alkyl, -φ, --CO--R₉₋₃ where R₉₋₃ is C₁--C₆ alkyl or -φ, with the proviso that R₉₋₂ is not alkyl when R₇ is--OR₇₋₂,

--N(R₉₋₄)(R₉₋₅) where R₉₋₄ and R₉₋₅ are the same or different and are--H,

C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

--C(R₉₋₈)(R₉₋₉)-(R₉₋₁₀) where R₉₋₈ and R₉₋₉ are the same or differentand are --H or C₁ --C₃ alkyl and where R₉₋₁₀ is C₂ --C₅ alkenylcontaining 1 or 2 double bonds or C₂ --C₅ alkynyl containing 1 triplebond,

R₉₋₄ and R₉₋₅ are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to forma heterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

--NR₉₋₆ --CO--R₉₋₇ where R₉₋₆ is --H or C₁ --C₆ alkyl and R₉₋₇ is --H,C₁ --C₆ alkyl or C₁ --C₃ alkoxy;

R₁₀ is --N═ or --CR₁₀₋₁ ═ where R₁₀₋₁ is --H, --F, --Cl, --Br, --CF₃,--NO₂, --COCF₃,

C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

C₁ --C₃ alkylthio,

--OH,

--O--R₁₀₋₂ where R₁₀₋₂ is C₁ --C₆ alkyl, -φ, --CO--R₁₀₋₃ where R₁₀₋₃ isC₁ --C₆ alkyl or -φ,

--N(R₁₀₋₄)(R₁₀₋₅) where R₁₀₋₄ and R₁₀₋₅ are the same or different andare --H,

C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

--C(R₁₀₋₈)(R₁₀₋₉)-(R₁₀₋₁₀) where R₁₀₋₈ and R₁₀₋₉ are the same ordifferent and are --H or C₁ --C₃ alkyl and where R₁₀₋₁₀ is C₂ --C₅alkenyl containing 1 or 2 double bonds or C₂ --C₅ alkynyl containing 1triple bond,

--NR₁₀₋₆ --CO--R₁₀₋₇ where R₁₀₋₆ is --H or C₁ --C₆ alkyl and R₁₀₋₇ is--H, C₁ --C₆ alkyl or C₁ --C₃ alkoxy,

with the proviso that not more than two of R₆, R₈, R₉ and R₁₀ are --N═;

where . . . is a single or double bond;

Q₁ is --NX₁₁ where X₁₁ is --H, --SO₂ -φ, --SO₂ --CH₃, --CO--X₁₁₋₁ whereX₁₁₋₁ is C₁ --C₄ alkyl, --CF₃ or -φ;

X₁₇ is --H or --CH₃ ;

X₁₈ is --H or --CH₃ ;

X₁₉ is --H or --CH₃ ;

X₂₀ is --H, C₁ --C₄ alkyl, --CO--(C₁ --C₄ alkyl), --CH₂ -φ, --CO-φor--prodrug where prodrug is--PO₂ --O⁻ cation⁺,

--CO--CH₂ --CO--NH--CH₂ --SO₂ --O⁻ cation⁺,

--CO--(CH₂)_(n21) --R₅₁ where n₂₁ is 1-7 and R₅₁ is --COO^(-cation)+'--NR₅₁₋₁ R₅₁₋₂ where R₅₁₋₁ and R₅₁₋₂ are the same or different and are--H or C₁ --C₃ alkyl, --N⁺ R₅₁₋₁ R₅₁₋₂ R₅₁₋₃ halide⁻ where R₅₁₋₁, R₅₁₋₂and R₅₁₋₃ are the same or different and are --H or C₁ --C₃ alkyl, andwhere halide is --Cl or --Br,

--CO--CH(AA)--NH₂ where AA is --H, --CH₃, --CH(CH₃)₂, --CH₂ --CH(CH₃)₂₂, --CH₂ --OH, --CH(OH)(CH₃), --CH₂ -φ, --CH₂ -[p-hydroxyphenyl], --CH₂-[3-indolyl], --CH₂ --S--S--CH₂ --CH(NH₂)--COOH, --CH₂ --SH, --CH₂ --CH₂--S--CH₃, --CH₂ --COOH, --CH₂ --CO--NH₂, --CH₂ --CH₂ --COOH, --CH₂ --CH₂--CO--NH₂, --CH₂ -[2-HISTIDYL], --(CH₂)₃ --NH--C(NH)--NH₂, --(CH₂)₄--NH₂, --CH₂ --CH₂ --CH(OH)--CH₂ --NH₂, --(CH₂)₃ --NH₂, --(CH₂)₃--NH--CO--NH₂ --CH₂ CH₂ --OH,

--CO--CH═CH--CO--O⁻ cation⁺,

--CO--N*--CH═CH--N═CH* where the atoms marked with and asterisk (*) arebonded to each other resulting in the formation of a ring,

--CO--C*═C[(CH₂)_(n22) --NH₂ ]--CH═CH--CH═CH* where n₂₂ is 1 or 2 andwhere the atoms marked with an asterisk (*) are bonded to each otherresulting in the formation of a ring,

4--(NHR₅₂)--benzoyl,

--CO--(CH₂)_(n21) --CO--O--[C₆ H₁₂ O₆ sugars],

--CO--O--CH(CH₂ --O--CO--R₅₃)₂ where the R₅₃ 's are the same ordifferent and are C₁ --C₁₈,

--CO--(CH₂)₆ --CO--N(CH₃)--CH₂ --CH₂ --SO₃ ⁻ cation⁺,

--CH₂ --O--CO--(CH₂)_(n21) --NR₅₁₋₁ R₅₁₋₂ where n₂₁, R₅₁₋₁ and R₅₁₋₂ areas defined above,

--CO--NH--C₆ H₄ --R₅₅ where R₅₅ is --H or C₁ --C₃ alkyl, --NO₂, --NR₅₁₋₁R₅₁₋₂ where R₅₁₋₁ and R₅₁₋₂ are as defined above; with the proviso thatR₁ is not --CH₂ -- when R₁₇, R₁₈ and R₁₉ are all --CH₃ ; andenantiomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates and solvatesthereof.

Additionally disclosed is a method of treating an individual infectedwith the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which comprisesadministering an effective amount of an anti-AIDS amine of formula (X)##STR29## where R_(1B) is --CH₂ --, --CO--,

where R₆ is --N═,

--CH═,

R_(7B) is --CO--R_(7B-11) where R₇ B₋₁₁ is --H,

C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

C₂ --C₆ alkenyl containing 1 or 2 double bonds,

C₂ --C₆ alkynyl containing 1 triple bond,

--CH₂ -φ,

-φ optionally substituted with 1 thru 3

--CF₃,

C₁ --C₄ alkyl,

--OH,

C₂ --C₃ alkylthio,

--O--CO--R_(7B-12) where R_(7B-12) is C₁ --C₆ alkyl or -φ,

--F, --Cl, --Br,

--CO--CF₃,

--NO₂,

--N(R₇ B₋₁₃)(R_(7B-14)) where R_(7B-13) and R_(7B-14) are the same ordifferent and are --H, C₁ --C₃ alkyl and where R_(7B-13) and R_(7B-14)are taken together with the attached nitrogen atom to form aheterocyclic ring selected from the group consisting of 1-pyrrolidinyl,1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl or N-morpholinyl,

--S--R_(7B-1) where R_(7B-1) is C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

--O--R_(7B-2) where R_(7B-2) is C₁ --C₆ alkyl,

--C(R_(7B-15))(R_(7B-16))-(R_(7B-17)) where R_(7B-15) and R_(7B-16) are--H, or C₁ --C₃ alkyl and R_(7B-17) is C₂ --C₅ alkenyl containing 1 or 2double bonds or C₂ --C₅ alkynyl containing 1 triple bond,

R₈ is --N═, --CH═

R₉ is --N═, --CH═

R₁₀ is --N═, --CH═ with the proviso that not more than two of R₆, R₈, R₉and R₁₀ are --N═; and where Z and [Aryl/Heteroaryl] are as definedabove; enantiomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates andsolvates thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The diaromatic substituted compounds (III) are generally and most oftenprepared by contacting an aromatic-connector (I) with a substitutedlinker (II), see CHART A.

The aromatic-connectors (I) are either known to those skilled in the artor can readily be prepared from known compounds by methods well known tothose skilled in the art. The aromatic-connector (I) is represented by[Aryl/Heteroaryl]--R₁ --X₁₃ where [Aryl/Heteroaryl] is anaromatic/heteroaromatic substituent (1)-(4), (6)-(11) and (15)-(21), R₁is a connector and X₁₃ is a good leaving group, see CHART A. Those[Aryl/Heteroaryl] substituents which when coupled with a substitutedlinker (II) produce the novel diaromatic substituted compounds (III),the anti-AIDS piperazines (IV) and the indoles (V).

The anti-AIDS piperazines (IV) are particular piperazines previouslygenerically disclosed in International Publication No. WO 88/08424. Theindoles (V) are produced by coupling the indole fragment with theappropriate substituted linker (II). The anti-AIDS amines (X) areproduced in a manner similar as for the production of the diaromaticsubstituted compounds (III).

For the diaromatic substituted compounds (III), the indoles (V) andanti-AIDS amines (X), it is preferred that the connector, R₁, is --CO--.It is preferred that Z be (Z-II) or (Z-III), it is more preferred that Zis (Z-III). It is preferred that n₁₂ and n₁₃ are both 1 (piperazine).When Z is (Z-IV) or (Z-V) and n₁₂ and n₁₃ are not the same, twoenantiomeric compounds are produced. It is to be understood that theformula (III) for the diaromatic substituted compounds includes bothenantiomers. When Z is (Z-I) it is preferred that R₂, R₃, R₄ and R₅ areall --H:--H. It is preferred that R₆ is either --N═ or --CH═; it is morepreferred that R₆ is --N═. It is preferred that R₇ is --N(R₇₋₅)(R₇₋₆)where one of R₇₋₅ and R₇₋₆ is --H and the other of R₇₋₅ and R₇₋₆ is C₁--C₄ alkyl; it is more preferred that C₁ --C₄ alkyl is --CH₂ --CH₃,--CH(CH₃)₂ or --C(CH₃)₃. It is preferred that R₈, R₉ and R₁₀ are --CH═.It is also preferred that both R₆ and R₈ are both --N═. It is preferredthat [Aryl/Heteroaryl] is a substituent of formulas (2)-(4), (6)-(11)and (15)-(21); it is more preferred that [Aryl/Heteroaryl] is asubstituent of formulas (4), (7)-(11), (15) and (21); it is morepreferred that [Aryl/Heteroaryl] is a substituent of formulas (4), (7)and (8); it is most preferred that [Aryl/Heteroaryl] is (7). It ispreferred that Q₁ is --NH--, that X₆ is --H, --F, --OCH₃, --N(CH₃)₂ and--CH₂ -- N(CH₃)₂. It is preferred that the diaromatic substitutedcompounds (III) is selected from the group of compounds of EXAMPLES 11,17, 19-25, 27, 29, 31-36, 39, 44, 46-63, 65, 66-76, 81-83, 85-95, 97,99-106, 108-115, 117-134, 137-144 and 149-154. It is more preferred thatthe diaromatic substituted compounds (III) be selected from the group ofcompounds of EXAMPLES 11, 17, 23, 25, 32, 44, 46, 47, 53, 68, 73, 81,83, 85, 86, 90, 95, 99, 105, 106 and 132.

X₁₃ is a good leaving group. When R₁ is --(CH₂)_(n) -- it is preferredthat X₁₃ is --Cl, and when R₁ is --CO-- it is preferred that X₁₃ is --Clor --OH where the hydroxy portion is activated by an agent such as1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole.

The substituted linkers (II) are either known to those skilled in theart (in particular see international Publication No. WO 87/01797,PREPARATION A-1 thru PREPARATION A-50) or can readily be prepared beprepared from known compounds by methods well known to those skilled inthe art.

The coupling of aromatic-connectors (I) with the substituted linkers(II) to form the diaromatic substituted compounds (III) is a very wellknown reaction. When Z is the molecular fragment (Z-III) which ispiperazine, the substituted linker (II) is a secondary amine and thereaction with the appropriate aromatic-connector (I) produces diaromaticsubstituted compounds (III) which depending on the nature of R₁ is atertiary amine or an amide. The reaction to produce tertiary amines oramides from cyclic amines such as piperazine is very well known to thoseskilled in the art and requires no special mention. See InternationalPublication Nos. WO 87/01797 and WO 88/08424.

An alternative method of preparing the diaromatic substituted compounds(III) is to modify a compound which has the basic formula[aryl/heteroaryl]-connector-piperazine-[aryl/heteroaryl]. For example,nitro substituted compounds are not within the scope of the diaromaticsubstituted compounds (III). PREPARATIONS 22 and 129 and EXAMPLES 52disclose the reduction of a nitro compound (PREPARATIONS 10, 17 and 35)which has the aromatic-connector (I) portion already coupled with thesubstituted linker (II), but is not a diaromatic substituted compound(III) because the pyridine moiety is substituted with a nitro groupwhich is outside the scope of the diaromatic substituted compounds(III). Reduction of the nitro group and reductive amination produces amonoalkyl or dialkylamino group of the diaromatic substituted compound(III).

Another method of producing a diaromatic substituted compound (III) inwhich the connector R₁ is --CH₂ -- is by reduction of the --CO--connector of the corresponding diaromatic substituted compound (III),see CHART B and EXAMPLES 7 and 20.

The anti-AIDS piperazines (IV) are the compounds prepared by theprocedures of EXAMPLES 1, 3-5, 7, 12, 16, 26, 28, 37, 38, 42, 45, 64,77, 78, 80, 84, 107, 116, 135, 136 and 145-148. Preferred are thecompounds of EXAMPLES 16, 26, 38, 45 and 64. Most preferred is thecompound of EXAMPLE 16. It is preferred that the compound of EXAMPLE 16be in a salt form; the preferred salt is the mesylate.

The diaromatic substituted compounds (III), the anti-AIDS piperazines(IV), the indoles (V) and the anti-AIDS amines (X) are amines and assuch form acid addition salts when reacted with acids of sufficientstrength to produce the corresponding salts. The salts are preferredover the free amines since they produce compounds which are more watersoluble and more crystalline. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts includesalts of both inorganic and organic acids. The preferredpharmaceutically acceptable salts include salts of the following acids:methanesulfonic, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, phosphoric,nitric, benzoic, citric, tartaric, fumaric, maleic, p-toluenesulfonic,benzenesulfonic, CH₃ --(CH₂)_(n) --COOH where n is 0 thru 4,HOOC--(CH₂)_(n) --COOH where n is as defined above.

While all four types of compounds (III), (IV), (V) and (X) are aminesand therefore form acid addition salts, some of the variablesubstituents are acids and as such form base addition salts when reactedwith bases of sufficient strength. The pharmaceutically acceptable saltsinclude both inorganic and organic bases. The pharmaceutically salts arepreferred over the free acids since they produce compounds which aremore water soluble and more crystalline. The preferred pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts include salts of the following bases, for example,hydroxide, ammonia, tromethamine (THAM),2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol. Suitable cations include, forexample, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium.

The diaromatic substituted compounds (III), the anti-AIDS piperazines(IV) and the indoles (V) are useful as inhibitors of viral reversetranscriptase, an enzyme necessary for human immunodeficiency virusreplication and therefore would be useful in the treatment of of suchdiseases as AIDS.

The term human retrovirus (HRV) indicates human immunodeficiency virustype I, or strains thereof apparent to one skilled in the art, whichbelong to the same viral families and which create similar physiologicaleffects in humans as various human retroviruses.

Patients to be treated would include those individuals (1) infected withone or more than one strain of a human retrovirus as determined by thepresence of either measurable viral antibody or antigen in the serum and(2) having either a symptomatic AIDS defining infection such as (a)disseminated histoplasmosis, (b) isopsoriasis, (c) bronchial andpulmonary candidiasis including pneumocystic pneumonia (d) non-Hodgkin'slymphoma or (e) Kaposi's sarcoma and being less than sixty years old; orhaving an absolute CD4 lymphocyte count of less than 200m³ in theperipheral blood. The diaromatic substituted compounds (III), theanti-AIDS piperazines (IV) and the indoles (V) can be given orally.Suitable dosage forms include tablets, capsules, suspensions, solutionsand elixirs. An effective amount is from about 0.1 to about 500mg/kg/day. A typical unit dose for a 70 kg human would be from about 10mg to about 2000 mg, preferably about 100 mg to about 1000 mg taken oneto six time per day.

The exact dosage and frequency of administration depends on theparticular diaromatic substituted compounds (III), the anti-AIDSpiperazines (IV) and the indoles (V) used, the particular conditionbeing treated, the severity of the condition being treated, the age,weight, general physical condition of the particular patient, othermedication the individual may be taking as is well known to thoseskilled in the art and can be more accurately determined by measuringthe blood level or concentration of the diaromatic substituted compounds(III), the anti-AIDS piperazines (IV) and the indoles (V) in thepatient's blood and/or the patient's response to the particularcondition being treated.

Patients who are HIV positive but asymptomatic would typically betreated with lower oral doses (about 0.2 to about 100 mg/kg/day. ARC(AIDS-related complex) and AIDS patients would typically be treated withhigher oral doses (about 1 to about 500 mg/kg/day).

The diaromatic substituted piperazines (III), the anti-AIDS piperazines(IV) and the indoles (V) of this invention can be be used in conjunctionwith other antiviral agents such as AZT.

The utility of the diaromatic substituted piperazines (III), theanti-AIDS piperazines (IV) and the indoles (V) of this invention can bedetermined by their ability to inhibit viral reverse transcriptase, anenzyme essential for human immunodeficiency virus replication. Thisenzyme has characteristics which differentiate it from other knowncellular polymerases and it is a unique enzyme which is not found inuninfected cells. Viral reverse transcriptase is found in extracts frombacterial clones prepared according to the procedure described in AIDSVirus Reverse Transcriptase defined by high level expression inEscherichia coli, EMBO J. 6:3133-3137 (1987). Inhibition of this enzymeis determined in a cell free assay which measures the level ofradioactive precursors incorporated into DNA. Extracts preparedaccording to the procedure of Science, 1125-1129 (1981) are incubated ina mixture of inhibitor, 20 mM dithiothreitol, 60 mM sodium chloride,0.05% NP-40, 10 mM magnesium chloride, 50 mM Tris pH 8.3, 10 μM [³⁵S]-labeled deoxynuleoside-5'-triphosphate, 10 μg/ml RNA template (polyrC or poly rG) and 5 μg/ml DNA primer (oligo dG or oligo dT) for 30minutes at 37° C. Incorporation of radio-labeled percursor is determinedby spotting aliquots of the reaction mixture on DE81 paper, washing thepapers to remove unincorporated percursor, drying and determiningcounts. The results (IC₅₀ means the concentration, in μM of drug,required to inhibit the reverse transcriptase activity to the extent of50%) of various assay(s) are combined and reported as % inhibition andIC₅₀ (calculated).

The utility of this invention is further demonstrated by the ability ofthe diaromatic substituted compounds (III), the anti-AIDS piperazines(IV) and the indoles (V) to inhibit HIV-induced syncytia formation in atissue culture assay using MT-2 cells infected with HIV-1. This test isdescribed in Quantitative Infectivity Assay for HIV-1 and -2, Nature332:469-470, 1988 as well as in AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES,Vol. 4, No. 6, pages 449-455 (1988), Mary Ann Liebent, Inc., Publishers;in an article entitled "Nucleotide Dimers Suppress HIV Expression InVITRO". The results (IC₅₀ means the concentration, in μM of drug,required to inhibit syncytia formation to the extent of 50%) of variousassay(s) are combined and reported as % inhibition and IC₅₀(calculated). The known commercial compound, AZT, exhibited anti-HIVpotency in this assay with 100 percent and 50 percent reduction insyncytia formation at concentrations of approximately 1 μM and 0.5 μM,respectively.

DEFINITIONS AND CONVENTIONS

The definitions and explanations below are for the terms as usedthroughout this entire document including both the specification and theclaims.

I. CONVENTIONS FOR FORMULAS AND DEFINITIONS OF VARIABLES

The chemical formulas respresenting various compounds or molecularfragments in the specification and claims may contain variablesubstituents in addition to expressly defined structural features. Thesevariable substituents are identified by a letter or a letter followed bya numerical subscript, for example, "Z₁ " or "R_(i) " where "i" is aninteger. These variable substituents are either monovalent or bivalent,that is, they represent a group attached to the formula by one or twochemical bonds. For example, a group Z₁ would represent a bivalentvariable if attached to the formula CH₃ --C(═Z₁)H. Groups R_(i) andR_(j) would represent monovalent variable substituents if attached tothe formula CH₃ --CH₂ --C(R_(i))(R_(j))H. When chemical formulas aredrawn in a linear fashion, such as those above, variable substituentscontained in parentheses are bonded to the atom immediately to the leftof the variable substituent enclosed in parenthesis. When two or moreconsecutive variable substituents are enclosed in parentheses, each ofthe consecutive variable substituents is bonded to the immediatelypreceding atom to the left which is not enclosed in parentheses. Thus,in the formula above, both R_(i) and R_(j) are bonded to the precedingcarbon atom.

Chemical formulas or portions thereof drawn in a linear fashionrepresent atoms in a linear chain. The symbol "-" in general representsa bond between two atoms in the chain. Thus CH₃ --O--CH₂--CH(R_(i))--CH₃ represents a 2-substituted-1-methoxypropane compound.In a similar fashion, the symbol "═" represents a double bond, e.g., CH₂═C(R_(i))--O--CH₃, and the symbol ".tbd." represents a triple bond,e.g., HC.tbd.C--CH(R_(i))--CH₂ --CH₃. Carbonyl groups are represented ineither one of two ways: --CO-- or --C(═O)--, with the former beingpreferred for simplicity.

Chemical formulas of cyclic (ring) compounds or molecular fragments canbe represented in a linear fashion. Thus, the compound4-chloro-2-methylpyridine can be represented in linear fashion byN*═C(CH₃)--CH═CCl--CH═C*H with the convention that the atoms marked withan asterisk (*) are bonded to each other resulting in the formation of aring. Likewise, the cyclic molecular fragment, 4-(ethyl)-1-piperazinylcan be represented by --N*--(CH₂)₂ --N(C₂ H₅)--CH₂ --C*H₂.

A rigid cyclic (ring) structure for any compounds herein defines anorientation with respect to the plane of the ring for substituentsattached to each carbon atom of the rigid cyclic compound. For saturatedcompounds which have two substituents attached to a carbon atom which ispart of a cyclic system, --C(X₁)(X₂)-- the two substituents may be ineither an axial or equatorial position relative to the ring and maychange between axial/equatorial. However, the position of the twosubstituents relative to the ring and each other remains fixed. Whileeither substituent at times may lie in the plane of the ring(equatorial) rather than above or below the plane (axial), onesubstituent is always above the other. In chemical structural formulasdepicting such compounds, a substituent (X₁) which is "below" anothersubstituent (X₂) will be identified as being in the alpha (α)configuration and is identified by a broken, dashed or dotted lineattachment to the carbon atom, i.e., by the symbol "- - -" or ". . .".The corresponding substituent attached "above" (X₂) the other (X₁) isidentified as being in the beta (β) configuration and is indicated by anunbroken line attachment to the carbon atom.

When a variable substituent is bivalent, the valences may be takentogether or separately or both in the definition of the variable. Forexample, a variable R_(i) attached to a carbon atom as --C(═R_(i))--might be bivalent and be defined as oxo or keto (thus forming a carbonylgroup (--CO--) or as two separately attached monovalent variablesubstituents α--R_(i-j) and β--R_(i-k). When a bivalent variable R_(i),is defined to consist of two monovalent variable substituents, theconvention used to define the bivalent variable is of the form"α--R_(i-j) :β--R_(i-k) " or some variant thereof. In such a case bothα--R_(i-j) and β--R_(i-k) are attached to the carbon atom to give--C(α--R_(i-j))(β--R_(i-k))--. For example, when the bivalent variableR₆, --C(═R₆)-- is defined to consist of two monovalent variablesubstituents, the two monovalent variable substituents are α--R₆₋₁:β--R₆₋₂, . . . α --R₆₋₉ :β--R₆₋₁₀, etc, giving --C(α--R₆₋₁)(β--R₆₋₂)--,. . . --C(α--R₆₋₉) (β--R₆₋₁₀)--, etc. Likewise, for the bivalentvariable R₁₁, --C(═R₁₁)--, two monovalent variable substituents areα--R₁₁₋₁ :β--R₁₁₋₂. For a ring substituent for which separate α and βorientations do not exist (e.g. due to the presence of a carbon carbondouble bond in the ring), and for a substituent bonded to a carbon atomwhich is not part of a ring the above convention is still used, but theα and β designations are omitted.

Just as a bivalent variable may be defined as two separate monovalentvariable substituents, two separate monovalent variable substituents maybe defined to be taken together to form a bivalent variable. Forexample, in the formula --C₁ (R_(i))H--C₂ (R_(j))H-- (C₁ and C₂ definearbitrarily a first and second carbon atom, respectively) R_(i) andR_(j) may be defined to be taken together to form (1) a second bondbetween C₁ and C₂ or (2) a bivalent group such as oxa (--O--) and theformula thereby describes an epoxide. When R_(i) and R_(j) are takentogether to form a more complex entity, such as the group --X--Y--, thenthe orientation of the entity is such that C₁ in the above formula isbonded to X and C₂ is bonded to Y. Thus, by convention the designation". . . R_(i) and R_(j) are taken together to form --CH₂ --CH₂ --O--CO--.. ." means a lactone in which the carbonyl is bonded to C₂. However,when designated ". . . R_(j) and R_(i) are taken together to form--CO--O--CH₂ --CH₂ --the convention means a lactone in which thecarbonyl is bonded to C₁.

The carbon atom content of variable substituents is indicated in one oftwo ways. The first method uses a prefix to the entire name of thevariable such as "C₁ --C₄ ", where both "1" and "4" are integersrepresenting the minimum and maximum number of carbon atoms in thevariable. The prefix is separated from the variable by a space. Forexample, "C₁ --C₄ alkyl" represents alkyl of 1 through 4 carbon atoms,(including isomeric forms thereof unless an express indication to thecontrary is given). Whenever this single prefix is given, the prefixindicates the entire carbon atom content of the variable being defined.Thus C₂ --C₄ alkoxycarbonyl describes a group CH₃ --(CH₂)_(n) --O--CO--where n is zero, one or two. By the second method the carbon atomcontent of only each portion of the definition is indicated separatelyby enclosing the "C_(i) --C_(j) " designation in parentheses and placingit immediately (no intervening space) before the portion of thedefinition being defined. By this optional convention (C₁--C₃)alkoxycarbonyl has the same meaning as C₂ --C₄ alkoxycarbonylbecause the "C₁ --C₃ " refers only to the carbon atom content of thealkoxy group. Similarly while both C₂ --C₆ alkoxyalkyl and (C₁--C₃)alkoxy(C₁ --C₃)alkyl define alkoxyalkyl groups containing from 2 to6 carbon atoms, the two definitions differ since the former definitionallows either the alkoxy or alkyl portion alone to contain 4 to 5 carbonatoms while the latter definition limits either of these groups to 3carbon atoms.

When the claims contain a fairly complex (cyclic) substituent, at theend of the phrase naming/designating that particular substituent will bea notation in (parentheses) which will correspond to the samename/designation in one of the CHARTS which will also set forth thechemical structural formula of that particular substituent.

II. DEFINITIONS

All temperatures are in degrees Centigrade.

TLC refers to thin-layer chromatography.

THF refers to tetrahydrofuran.

Saline refers to an aqueous saturated sodium chloride solution.

NMR refers to nuclear (proton) magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chemicalshifts are reported in ppm (δ) downfield from tetramethylsilane.

IR refers to infrared spectroscopy.

CMR refers to C-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chemical shifts arereported in ppm (δ) downfield from TMS.

EDC refers to 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide.

-φ refers to phenyl (C₆ H₅).

MS refers to mass spectrometry expressed as m/e or mass/charge unit.[M+H]⁺ refers to the positive ion of a parent plus a hydrogen atom. EIrefers to electron impact. CI refers to chemical ionization. FAB refersto fast atom bombardment.

Ether refers to diethyl ether.

Pharmaceutically acceptable refers to those properties and/or substanceswhich are acceptable to the patient from a pharmacological/toxicologicalpoint of view and to the manufacturing pharmaceutical chemist from aphysical/chemical point of view regarding composition, formulation,stability, patient acceptance and bioavailability.

Pyridinyl refers to the pyridyl radical as defined by IUPACnomenclature. For example, 2-pyridyl (pyridine ring substituted in the2-position).

The compounds of this invention are named (when possible) by thefollowing method: first the [aryl/heteroaryl] moiety, next thearyl/heteroaryl portion of the substituted linker (II) and last thelinker (Z) itself, however a few were named by other methods forsimplicty and convenience. The names of the radicals within each groupfollow the IUPAC convention.

When solvent pairs are used, the ratios of solvents used arevolume/volume (v/v).

HIV refers to HIV-1.

Treatment refers to inhibition of the HIV virus and will differdepending on the infected individual. For individuals who are HIVpositive (infected) but who are asymptomatic, the diaromatic substitutedcompounds (III), the anti-AIDS piperazines (IV) and the indoles (V) willdelay, or prevent, the onset of symptoms. For individuals who are HIVpositive, symptomatic and are pre-AIDS or ARC patients, the diaromaticsubstituted compounds (III), the anti-AIDS piperazines (IV) and theindoles (V) will delay, or prevent, the onset of "full blown AIDS". Forindividuals who have "full blown AIDS", the diaromatic substitutedcompounds (III), the anti-AIDS piperazines (IV) and the indoles (V) willextend survival time of these individuals.

EXAMPLES

Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the artcan, using the preceding description, practice the present invention toits fullest extent. The following detailed examples describe how toprepare the various compounds and/or perform the various processes ofthe invention and are to be construed as merely illustrative, and notlimitations of the preceding disclosure in any way whatsoever. Thoseskilled in the art will promptly recognize appropriate variations fromthe procedures both as to reactants and as to reaction conditions andtechniques.

PREPARATION 1 4-Bromo-2,6-dimethylanisole

Bromine (31.15 g) is added dropwise to an ice-cold solution of2,6-dimethylanisole (18.96 g) in chloroform (300 ml). After the additionis complete, the reaction is allowed to stir at ambient temperatureovernight. The chloroform solution is washed with cold water (2 ×), oncewith an aqueous saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate, and then againwith water. The chloroform extract is dried over sodium sulfate andconcentrated under reduced pressure a liquid, which is distilled to givethe title compound, bp 55°/0.1.5 mm mercury.

PREPARATION 2 3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxybenzoic acid ethyl ester

A solution of 4-bromo-2,6-dimethylanisole (PREPARATION 1, 12.98 g) intetrahydrofuran (40 ml) is added drop by drop to a mixture of magnesiumturnings (1.87 g) in tetrahydrofuran (5 ml). The Grignard reaction isinitiated with iodine crystals. After the addition is complete, themixture is refluxed for 2 hours. The Grignard reagent is cooled to about10° and then a solution of ethyl chloroformate (7.5 ml) intetrahydrofuran (40 ml) is added in a 2 minute period. The mixture isstirred for 45 minutes at ice-water temperature and then at 20°-25° for2 hours. The reaction is quenched with a saturated solution of ammoniumchloride and diluted with ether. The phases are separated, the organicphase is washed with water and then with saline, dried over sodiumsulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the titlecompound.

PREPARATION 3 3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxybenzoic acid (I)

A mixture of 3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxybenzoic acid ethyl ester (PREPARATION2, 10.5 g) and aqueous sodium hydroxide (20%, 100 ml) is refluxed for 18hours. The solution is cooled and acidified with hydrochloric acid (12N,pH 2). The acidified solution is extracted with chloroform (3 X). Thecombined extracts are dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated underreduced pressure to give a solid which is recrystallized from ether/petether mixture to give the title compound, mp 189°-191°.

PREPARATION 4 3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxybenzyl chloride (I)

Hydrogen chloride gas is bubbled into a solution of formaldehyde (37%),glacial acetic acid (100 ml), and 2,6-dimethylanisole (21.8 g). After ashort period of time, an exothermic reaction occurs and the reactiontemperature rises to about 40°. The reaction mixture is cooled to about20° with ice bath. Hydrogen chloride gas is continually bubbled throughthe reaction solution for 5.5 hours. A gas chromatogram indicates thestarting material is consumed. The hydrogen chloride bubbling isdiscontinued and the solution is then heated on a steam bath for 15minutes. After cooling to 20°-25°, the reaction is diluted with waterand ether. The phases are separated and the aqueous phase is extracted asecond time with ether. The combined ether extracts are washed withwater (3 ×) and then with saline, dried over sodium sulfate, andconcentrated under reduced pressure to a liquid, which is distillationunder a house vacuum to give the title compound, bp. 145°-150°.

PREPARATION 5 3,5-Dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl chloride (I)

3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxybenzyl chloride (I, PREPARATION 4, 1.8 g) is addedto a solution of boron tribromide (1.5 m) in dichloromethane (70 ml) at78°. The solution is allowed gradually to warm to 20°-25° overnight. Thereaction is poured into an aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, and thephases are separated. The dichloromethane phase is washed once withwater and then with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The dried (sodiumsulfate) organic phase is concentrated under reduced pressure to givethe title compound.

PREPARATION 61-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(propylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

Sodium cyanoborohydride (0.31 g) is added to a cold solution of1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(International Publication No. WO 88/08424, 2.8 g), propional (0.87 g),and methanol (15 ml). After the exotherm has subsided, the reaction isstirred at 20°-25° overnight. The reaction is acidified (pH 2) withaqueous hydrochloride and then diluted with dichloromethane. The pH isadjusted with aqueous ammonium hydroxide (pH 8), and the phases areseparated. The organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate, andconcentrated under reduced pressure to a crude product which isdissolved in diethyl ether and allowed to crystallize at -5°. The solidis identified as starting material. The mother liquor is concentrated invacuo to give the title compound.

PREPARATION 7 1-[3-(Propylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II)

Trifluoroacetic acid (4 ml) is added to a solution of crude1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-propylamine)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 6, 1.2 g) in dichloromethane (15 ml) chilled to -78°. Thecoolant is removed and the reaction is allowed to warm to 20°-25° for 3hours. The solvents are removed in vacuo and the residue is redissolvedin dichloromethane and aqueous saturated potassium carbonate. The phasesare separated. The organic phase is washed with water, dried over sodiumsulfate, and concentrated to the title compound.

PREPARATION 81-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

1-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(International Publication 88/08424, 2.0 g) is dissolved in 35 ml ofmethanol and acetone (0.48 g) is added. The reaction is cooled to 0° andacetic acid (to pH 4.0) is added. The reaction is stirred 15 min at 0°and then sodium cyanoborohydride (0.50 g) is added. The reaction isallowed to warm slowly to 20°-25° and followed by TLC until completion.Additional acetic acid, sodium cyanoborohydride and acetone aresometimes necessary to force the reaction to completion. The reaction isdiluted with chloroform (100 ml), washed with saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate (50 ml), saline (75 ml), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfateand concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash column chromatography(75 g silica gel, 4:1 hexane/ethyl acetate) affords the title compound,NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.67, 6.91, 4.15, 3.57, 3.00, 1.48 and 1.23 δ.

PREPARATION 9 1 -[3-(1-Methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II)

1-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 8) is dissolved in methylene chloride (56 ml) and cooled to0°. Then trifluoroacetic acid is added dropwise. The reaction is warmedto 20°-25° and additional trifluoroacetic acid is added (26.6 g). Whenthe reaction is complete by TLC, it is poured into 200 ml of water andice, basified to pH 12 with 2N aqueous sodium hydroxide, and extractedwith 10% tetrahydrofuran/chloroform (2 l) followed by 10%methanol/chloroform (1 l). The organic layers are dried over anhydroussodium sulfate, concentrated in vacuo, and used without furtherpurification, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.65, 6.85, 6.76, 4.16, 3.50, 2.98and 1.20 δ.

PREPARATION 10 1-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)piperazine

1-(3-Nitro-2-pyridinyl)piperazine ((2.58 g) is dissolved in methylenechloride (25 ml). Pyridine (1.031 g) is added and the reaction is cooledto 0°. Indole-2-carbonyl chloride (2.23 g) in methylene chloride (6 ml)is added dropwise. The reaction is stirred for 30 minutes at 0°, dilutedwith methylene chloride (50 ml), washed with saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate (60 ml), saline (70 ml), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfateand concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue isrecrystallized from methanol/toluene (200 ml, 10/90) to give the titlecompound, mp 205°-207°.

PREPARATION 11 1-(2-Nitrophenyl)piperazine

Piperazine (24.46 g) is dissolved in acetonitrile (200 ml) and anhydrouspotassium carbonate (10.47 g) is added. Then 2-chloronitrobenzene (10.0g) is added dropwise. After stirring 1 hr at 20°, the reaction mixtureis diluted with methylene chloride, washed with water, and saturatedaqueous potassium carbonate. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate,the reaction mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure to give thetitle compound, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.75, 7.49, 7.14, 7.04, 3.03 and1.93 δ.

PREPARATION 12 1-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbony]-4-(2-nitrophenyl)piperazine

Di-t-butyldicarbonate (5.24 g) is added to a 0° solution of1-(2-nitrophenyl)piperazine (PREPARATION 11, 5.0 g) and triethylamine(3.7 ml) in methylene chloride (48 ml). The reaction is warmed to20°-25° after 20 min and stirred 3.5 hr. Then the reaction is dilutedwith methylene chloride, washed with saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate, saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under reduced pressure to give the title compound.

PREPARATION 131-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-(2-aminophenyl)piperazine

1-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-(2-nitrophenyl)piperazine (PREPARATION12, 7.61 g) is dissolved in ethanol (150 ml). Palladium on carbon (10%,0.75 g) is added and the reaction is hydrogenated at 45 psi for 6 hr.The mixture is filtered thru celite and concentrated under reducedpressure to give the title compound.

PREPARATION 141-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-(2-(ethylamino)phenyl]piperazine

Sodium cyanoborohydride (1.6 g) is added to a 0° solution of1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-(2-aminophenyl)piperazine (PREPARATION13, 6.52 g) and acetaldehyde (1.48 ml) dissolved in methanol (65 ml).After 3 hr the reaction mixture is partially concentrated under reducedpressure. Then it is diluted with chloroform, washed with saturatedaqueous sodium bicarbonate, saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfateand concentrated under reduced pressure to give the title compound,R_(f) =0.62 (ethyl acetate/hexane, 1/1), NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.04,6.95, 6.66, 4.59, 3.70-3.50, 3.15, 2.82, 1.49 and 1.28 δ.

PREPARATION 15 1-[2-(Ethylamino)phenyl]piperazine (II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 7 and making non-criticalvariations but using1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-(2-ethylaminophenyl)piperazine(PREPARATION 14, 8.61 g), the title compounds is obtained, R_(f) =0.2(methanol/triethylamine/chloroform, 1/1/98).

PREPARATION 16 5-Fluoroindole-2-carbonyl chloride (I)

5-Fluorindole-2-carboxylic acid is dissolved in oxalylchloride andstirred 24 hr at 20°-25° in the dark. The reaction mixture isconcentrated under reduced pressure to give the title compound.

PREPARATION 171-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[(3-nitro)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 10 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with 5-fluoroindole-2-carbonylchloride (PREPARATION 16), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃) 9.41, 7.80, 7.35, 7.27, 7.05, 7.01, 6.88, 6.77, 4.08, 3.83 and3.24 δ.

PREPARATION 19 Ethyl 5-methoxy-4,5,7-trimethylindole-2-carboxylate

A solution of sodium nitrite (1.91 g) in water (4.4 ml) is added (belowthe surface) to a cold (-10°) thick slurry of2,3,5-trimethyl-4-methoxyaniline [J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 70 2656 (1948)]in ethanol (10 ml), water (54 ml) and concentrated hydrochloric acid(9.3 ml). The mixture is stirred for 30 min as the temperature rises to-1°, then the solution of the diazonium salt is poured into a vigorouslystirred mixture of ethyl methylacetoacetate (3.68 g) in ethanol (24 ml)containing potassium hydroxide (45%), 6 ml) and ice (40 g). The mixtureis allowed to warm to 20°-25° with continued stirring for 1 hr, then isextracted with toluene. The toluene extracts are dried (potassiumcarbonate) and concentrated to give an oil. A solution of the oil inethanol (20 ml) is stirred while hydrogen chloride rapidly with anexotherm to 60°. The mixture is cooled and saturated with hydrogenchloride at 45°, then is stored overnight at 5°. The precipitate iscollected and washed several times with cold ethanol. The solid ispartitioned between ethyl acetate and aqueous bicarbonate, the phasesseparated, the organic phases dried and concentrated. The concentrate iscrystallized from acetone/hexane to give the title compound, mp182°-183°.

PREPARATION 20 5-Methoxy-4,6,7-trimethylindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

A solution of ethyl 5-methoxy-4,5,7 trimethylindole-2-carboxylate(PREPARATION 19, 1.04 g) in ethanol (30 ml) containing potassiumhydroxide (45%, 2.5 ml) is heated under reflux for 1.5 hr. The mixtureis acidified with acetic acid (2 ml) and concentrated under reducedpressure. The residue is mixed with water (200 ml) and filtered. Thefilter cake is washed with water and dried to give the title compound.

PREPARATION 21 1-[3-(1,1-Dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

Isobutylene (10 ml) is condensed into a solution of1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(International Publication No. WO 88/08424, 200 mg) in methylenechloride (10 ml) at -70°. Phosphoric acid (85%, 50 μl) is added and themixture stirred for 60 minutes. Boron trifluoride etherate (200 μl) isadded dropwise and the resulting suspension is stirred 8 hours at refluxand overnight at 20°-25° allowing the isobutylene to evaporate. Thesuspension is diluted with water and ammonium hydroxide is added untilbasic to pH paper and then extracted with methylene chloride (3 ×). Thecombined extracts are dried over anhydrous potassium carbonate,filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a liquid which isflash chromatographed (silica gel, 230-400 mesh), eluting withmethanol/chloroform (3/20). The appropriate fractions are pooled andconcentrated to give an oil. The NMR, CMR, IR, and MS (m/e) M+234support the title compound.

PREPARATION 22 1-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

1-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (PREPARATION10, 3.67 g) is suspended in dioxane (80 ml) and aqueous titaniumtrichloride (20%, 48.3 ml) is added in one portion. The reaction isstirred for 30 minutes at 20°-25°, diluted with aqueous sodium hydroxide(2N, 100 ml), extracted with methylene chloride (3×100 ml), dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure.Purification by flash column chromatography (100 g silica gel) elutingwith methanol/chloroform (3/97), pooling the appropriate fractions andconcentrating them gives the title compound, mp 191°-192°.

PREPARATION 231-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[4-chloro-5-nitro-6-pyrimidyl]piperazine

A solution of 1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]piperazine (1.88 g) indichloromethane (30 ml) is added drop by drop over 1.5 hr to a solutionof 4,6-dichloro-5-nitropyrimidine (1.94 g) and triethylamine (1.32 g) indichloromethane (170 ml) at ⁻ 78°. After stirring an additional hr at-78°, the reaction is diluted with aqueous sodium bicarbonate (10%). Thephases are separated, the organic phase is concentrated to a liquidwhich solidified on standing at 20°-25°. The solid is dissolved inchloroform and flash chromatographed on silica gel eluting withmethanol/chloroform (1/99), pooling and concentrating the appropriatefractions gives the title compound, Anal. Calc for C₁₃ H₁₈ N₅ ClO₄ ;MW=343.77: C,45.42; H,5.28; N,20.37; Cl,10.31. Found: C,45.52; H,5.40;N,20.34; Cl,10.36.

PREPARATION 24 2-Chloro-3-(1-methylethylamino)pyrazine

A solution of 2,3-dichloropyrazine (2.0 g) and isopropylamine (2.3 g) intoluene (8 ml) is refluxed for 40 hr. The mixture is cooled and filteredto remove isopropylamine hydrochloride. The filtrate is concentrated invacuo to a residue which is diluted with an aqueous sodium hydroxidesolution (10%) and dichloromethane. The phases are separated. Thedichloromethane phase is washed with saline, dried over sodium sulfate,and concentrated to give the title compound, NMR (CDCl₃) 1.28, 4.21,5.02, 7.54 and 7.94 δ.

PREPARATION 25 1-[2-(1-Methylethylamino)-3-pyrazinyl]piperazine (II)

A solution of 2-chloro-3-(1-methylethylamino)pyrazine (PREPARATION 24,1.6 g) and piperazine (4.3 g) in xylene (10 ml) is refluxed for 26 hr.The mixture is cooled to 0° and diluted with concentrated hydrochloricacid (8 ml). The xylene is decanted and ether is added and also decantedfrom the salts. The salts are diluted with excess aqueous sodiumhydroxide (5%) and dichloromethane. The phases are separated. Theaqueous phase is extracted three more times with dichloromethane. Thecombined organic extracts are dried over sodium sulfate and concentratedto give a liquid mixture which is flash chromatographed on silica geleluting with methanol/chloroform (5/95). The appropriate fractions arepooled and concentrated to give the title compound, NMR (CDCl₃) 1.27,1.83, 3.04, 4.12, 4.78, 7.49 and 7.72 δ.

PREPARATION 26 2-Chloro-3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)pyrazine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 24 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with 2,3-dichloropyrazine (2.0 g),the title compound is obtained, NMR (CDCl₃) 1.48, 5.24, 7.51 and 7.91 δ.

PREPARATION 27 1-[3-(1,1-Dimethylethylamino)-2-pyrazinyl]piperazine (II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 25 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with2-chloro-3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)pyrazine (PREPARATION 26, 0.95 g) andpiperazine, the title compound is obtained, NMR (CDCl₃) 1.47, 1.70,2.99, 5.02, 7.46 and 7.69 δ.

PREPARATION 281-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[5-amino-6-pyrimidinyl]piperazine

A mixture of1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[4-chloro-5-nitro-6-pyrimidyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 23, 0.56 g) and triethylamine (0.3 ml) and palladium oncarbon (5%, 0.13 g) in ethanol (100 ml) is charged with hydrogen gas (30psi). After the theoretical amount of hydrogen gas is consumed, thecatalyst is removed under reduced pressure. The filtrate is concentratedunder reduced pressure to a foam which is diluted with an aqueoussaturated solution of potassium carbonate and dichloromethane. Thephases are separated and the organic phase is dried over sodium sulfateand concentrated to give to give the title compound, NMR (CDCl₃) 1.49,3.49, 3.29, 3.56, 7.98, and 8.39 δ.

PREPARATION 291-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[5-(1-methylethylamino)-6-pyrimidinyl]piperazine

A solution of sodium cyanoborohydride (0.13 g) in methanol (4 ml) isadded to a mixture of1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[5-amino-6-pyrimidinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 28, 0.44 g), acetone (3 ml), and glacial acetic acid (0.4ml) in methanol (7 ml) at 0°. The mixture is stirred at 20°-25° for 72h. The reaction is diluted with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution(10%) and dichloromethane. The phases are separated and the organicphase is washed with water and the concentrated to a colorless liquidwhich is flash chromatographed on silica gel eluting withmethanol/chloroform (1/99). The appropriate fractions are pooled andconcentrated to give the title compound, NMR (CDCl₃) 1.26, 1.49, 3.2,3.44, 3.5-3.62, 7.89 and 8.33 δ.

PREPARATION 30 1-[5-(1-Methylethylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]piperazine (II)

Trifluoroacetic acid (5 ml) is added to a solution of1-[1,1-dimethylethoxy-carbonyl]-4-[5-(1-methylethylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 29, 0.37 g) in dichloromethane (20 ml) at ⁻ 78°. Thereaction is allowed to warm to 20°-25° overnight, and then diluted withexcess aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (10%). The phases areseparated. The aqueous phase is extracted twice again withdichloromethane. The combined organic extracts are washed with saline,dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure togive the title compound, NMR (CDCl₃) 1.25, 1.7, 3.01, 3.21, 3.45, 3.5,7.86 and 8.34 δ.

PREPARATION 31 3,5-Dichloro-4-(1-methylethylamino)pyridazine

A solution of 3,4,5-trichloropyridazine (9.2 g) and isopropylamine (16.5g) in toluene (25 ml) is refluxed for 18 hr. Excess isopropylamine isremoved by atmospheric distillation. The residual solution is cooled anddiluted with dichloromethane and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (5%).The phases are separated. The organic phase is washed with water andthen with saline. The organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate andconcentrated under reduced pressure to give a liquid which contains amixture of isomeric products. The isomers are separated by flashchromatography on silica gel eluting with ether/hexane (30/70). Theappropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give the desiredisomer, NMR (CDCl₃) 1.33, 4.59, 4.87 and 8.60 δ; CMR (CDCl₃) 24.2, 46.4,117.1, 139.3, 145.5 and 151.3 δ.

Further elution gives 3,4-dichloro-5-(1-methylethylamino)pyridazinewhich is recrystallized from ether hexane, NMR (CDCl₃) 1.35, 387, 4.80,and 8.55 δ; CMR (CDCl₃) 22.6, 44.7, 116.5, 136.3, 142.5 and 153.4 δ.

PREPARATION 321-[5-Chloro-4-(1-methylethyl)amino-3-pyridazinyl]piperazine

A mixture of 3,5-dichloro-4-(1-methylethyl)aminopyridazine (PREPARATION31, 1.77 g) and piperazine (2.96 g) in xylene (18 ml) is refluxed for 40hr. The mixture is cooled and then treated with concentratedhydrochloric acid (8 ml). After further cooling, a precipitate forms andthe organic liquid is separated. The aqueous phase is diluted with anexcess of a solution of aqueous sodium hydroxide (10%) and then isextracted with chloroform (3 ×). The combined organic extracts arewashed with water, then saline, dried over sodium sulfate, andconcentrated to an oil. The crude produce is flash chromatographed onsilica gel eluting with methanol. The appropriate fractions are pooledand concentrated to give the title compound, NMR (CDCl₃) 1.20, 3.04,3.18, 4.46, 4.73 and 8.50 δ; CMR (CDCl₃) 24.0, 44.3, 45.9, 50.2, 118.2,135.8, 148.3 and 155.4 δ.

PREPARATION 33 1-[4-(1-Methylethyl)amino-3-pyridazinyl]piperazine (II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 28 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with1-[5-chloro-4-(1-methylethyl)amino-3-pyridazinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION32, 1.7 g) and triethylamine (0.81 g), the title compound is obtained,NMR (CDCl₃) 1.28, 2.06, 3.05, 3.11, 3.59, 4.75, 6.39, and 8.49 δ; CMR(CDCl₃) 22.2, 43.2, 46.2, 50.6, 103.7, 138.7, 148.4 and 154.5 δ.

PREPARATION 34 N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)ethylenediamine

To a solution of N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine (3.2 ml) and potassiumcarbonate (830 mg) in acetonitrile (15 ml) stirred at 20°-25° under anitrogen atmosphere is added a solution of 2-chloro-3-nitropyridine (500mg) in acetonitrile (10 ml) over one hour. The mixture is concentratedunder reduced pressure and partitioned between methylene chloride (75ml) and water (25 ml). The phases are separated and the aqueous phase isextracted with methylene chloride (25 ml) and the total organics aredried with saline and sodium sulfate. Concentration under reducedpressure gives the title compound, NMR (CDCl₃) 8.29, 8.10, 6.69, 3.85,2.90, 2.88 and 2.46 δ.

PREPARATION 35N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)ethylenediamine

1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (551 mg) is added to a solution ofindole-2-carboxylic acid (516 mg) in dry tetrahydrofuran (8 ml). Themixture is stirred one hour at 20°-25° andN,N'-dimethyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)ethylenediamine (PREPARATION 34,674 mg) is added as a solution in tetrahydrofuran (4 ml) via a canula,rinsing in with tetrahydrofuran (2 ml). The mixture is stirred 1 hr andconcentrated to a gum, diluted with methylene chloride (100 ml), washedwith water and saline and dried over sodium sulfate. Removal of solventunder reduced pressure gives a solid which is recrystallized frommethylene chloride/ethyl ether to give the title compound, mp172.5°-173°.

PREPARATION 36 2-(N-Methyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)amino)ethanol

2-(Methylamino)ethanol (3.04 ml) is added to a mixture of2-chloro-3-nitropyridine (3.00 g) and of potassium carbonate (5.22 g) inacetonitrile (90 ml) at 0°. The mixture is stirred for 2.5 hr at 20°-25°and additional 2-(methylamino)ethanol (1.5 ml) is added. The mixture isstirred for 1.5 hr, concentrated to a gum and diluted with methylenechloride (85 ml) and water (20 ml). The layers are separated and theorganic phase is washed in water and dried over magnesium sulfate.Removal of solvent under reduced pressure gives the title compound, NMR(CDCl₃) 8.27, 8.14, 6.76, 4.38, 3.88 and 2.87 δ.

PREPARATION 372-(N-Methyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyrid-2-yl)amino)ethylindole-2-carboxylate

Indole-2-carboxylic acid (468 mg), 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (595mg), and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (71 mg) are added to2-(N-methyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)-amino)ethanol (PREPARATION 36, 571mg) in dry methylene chloride (20 ml). The mixture is stirred at 20°-25°for 22 hr after which additional 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (180 mg),4-dimethylaminopyridine (71 mg) and methylene chloride (10 ml) areadded. The mixture is stirred 4 hr, filtered and concentrated todryness. The residue is taken up in ethyl acetate, filtered, washed withaqueous hydrochloric acid (10%), water, saline and dried over sodiumsulfate. Removal of solvent under reduced pressure gives a solid whichis chromatographed on 70-230 mesh silica gel (90 g) eluting with agradient of 10-50% ethyl acetate in hexane. The appropriate fractions[TLC on silica gel, R_(f) =0.63, ethyl acetate/hexane (50/50)] arepooled and removal of solvent gives the title compound, mp124.1°-125.1°.

PREPARATION 38 N-Methyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)indole-2-carboxamide

1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (1.11 g) is added to a solution ofindole-2-carboxylic acid (1.0 g) in tetrahydrofuran (15 ml). The mixtureis stirred 1 hour at 20°-25° and 2-(methylamino)ethanol (5.0 ml) isadded. The mixture is stirred 21 hours at 20°-25° and 24 hours atreflux. The mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure, diluted withmethylene chloride and extracted with water and saturated sodiumbicarbonate. The phases are separated and the organic phase is driedwith saline and sodium sulfate and concentrated to give the crudeproduct. Chromatography on silica gel with a methanol/chloroformgradient followed by recrystallization from chloroform/ether to give thetitle compound, mp 141°-142.5°.

PREPARATION 392-(2-N-Methyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)amino)ethoxy)-3-aminopyridine

Sodium hydride in oil (60%, 48 mg) is added to a solution ofN-methyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)indole-2-carboxamide (PREPARATION 38, 250 mg)in dimethylformamide (10 ml). The mixture is stirred 10 minutes and2-chloro-3-nitropyridine (164 mg) is added. The mixture is stirred 20minutes at 20°-25°, diluted with water (20 ml) and concentrated underreduced pressure. The residue is dissolved in methylene chloride andextracted with water. The phases are separated and the organic layer isdried with saline and sodium sulfate. The solution in concentrated underreduced pressure and the residue is dissolved in methanol. Palladiumblack (200 mg) is added and the mixture is stirred 2 hours under anatmosphere of hydrogen gas. The mixture is filtered and concentrated.Chromatography on silica gel with a methanol/chloroform gradient givesthe title compound, mp 156°-158°.

PREPARATION 40 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)-3-nitropyridine

Sodium hydride in oil (60%, 131 mg) is added to ethylene glycol (6.0 ml)and 2-chloro-3-nitropyridine (430 mg) is added. The mixture is stirredfor 26 hours during which time additional sodium hydride in oil (60%,100 mg) is added. Water is added, the pH is adjusted to 9 and thesolution is extracted with methylene chloride (3×50 ml). The combinedorganic layers are dried with saline and sodium sulfate andconcentrated. Chromatography on silica gel with a methylene/chloroformgradient affords the title compound, R_(f) =0.32 (TLC on silica gel,ethyl acetate/hexane [50/50]).

PREPARATION 41 2-(2-Indolyl-2-carbonyl)ethoxy)-3-nitropyridine

Indole-2-carboxylic acid (109 mg), 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (140mg), and dimethylaminopyridine (17 mg) are added to a solution of2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-3-nitropyridine (PREPARATION 40, 125 mg) inmethylene chloride (7 ml). The mixture is stirred 18 hours at 20°-25°,filtered and concentrated to dryness. The residue is taken up in ethylacetate, filtered, washed with aqueous hydrochloric acid (10%), water,and saline dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reducedpressure. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel with ethylacetate/hexane (15/85) to give the title compound, NMR (CDCL₃) 9.02,8.35, 8.26, 7.68, 7.41, 7.32, 7.25, 7.15, 7.04, 4.86 and 4.75 δ.

PREPARATION 42 3-Methylindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

3-Methylindole (0.50 g) is dissolved in THF (7 ml) and cooled to -78°.Then n-butyl lithium (1.6M in hexane, 2.5 ml) is added dropwise.Meanwhile, dry carbon dioxide is bubbled through THF (14 ml) at -78° for5 min. The mixture in the flask containing the indole is added viacannula and the reaction is allowed to slowly warm to 20°-25°. Themixture is concentrated under reduced pressure to dryness andreconstituted with THF (7 ml) and cooled to -78°. Then t-butyl lithium(1.6M pentane, 2.5 ml) is added dropwise to the flask containing theindole and the mixture is stirred for 1 hr. Meanwhile dry carbon dioxideis bubbled through THF (14 ml) at -78° and the above reaction is addedvia cannula to the cooled dry THF. After 1.5 hr at -78°, the reactionmixture is slowly warmed to 20°-25°, then poured into hydrochloric acid(1N) and extracted with methylene chloride, dried over anhydrous sodiumsulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the titlecompound, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.67, 7.57, 7.30-7.24, 7.05 and 2.56 δ.

PREPARATION 431-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[4-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl]piperazine

1-(Indolyl-2-carbonyl)piperazine (1.0 g) and 2,5-difluoronitrobenzene(0.68 g) are mixed together in 10 ml of acetonitrile and 0.72 g ofpotassium carbonate are added. The reaction is stirred 24 hr at 20°-25°and then heated to 50° for 8 hr. The reaction is poured into water, andextracted with chloroform (3 ×), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flashchromatography eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (50/50) to THF/ethylacetate (50/50) pooling and concentrating the appropriate fractionsgives the title compound, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.65, 7.57, 7.46,7.37-7.10, 6.82, 4.10 and 3.10 δ.

PREPARATION 441-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[2-amino-4-fluorophenyl]piperazine

1-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[4-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl]piperazine (PREPARATION43, 1.4 g) is dissolved in 90 ml of ethanol and 25 ml of THF. Thenpalladium on carbon (10%, 0.27 g) is added and the reaction ishydrogenated at 40 psi for 18 hr. The mixture is filtered through a plugof celite and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the titlecompound, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.65, 7.45, 7.27, 7.13, 6.88, 6.81,6.48-6.37, 4.50-3.80 and 3.10-2.75 δ.

PREPARATION 451-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[5-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl]piperazine

1-(Indolyl-2-carbonyl)piperazine (0.70 g) and 2,4-difluoronitrobenzene(0.33 ml) are mixed together in 7 ml of acetonitrile and 0.42 g ofpotassium carbonate are added. The reaction is stirred 24 hr at 20°-25°and then heated to reflux for 12 hr. The reaction mixture is poured intowater, and extracted with chloroform (3 X), dried over anhydrous sodiumsulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the titlecompound, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 9.39, 7.96, 7.65, 7.43, 7.32-7.25, 7.14,6.81-6.72, 4.13 and 3.18 δ.

PREPARATION 461-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[2-amino-5-fluorophenyl]piperazine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 44 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with1-[indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[5-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl]piperazine (PREPARATION45, 0.84 g), the title compound is obtained.

PREPARATION 471-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

1-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(International Publication No. WO 88/08424, 0.50 g), 1,4-dibromobutane(0.21 ml) and potassium carbonate (0.30 g) are refluxed in 4 ml ofacetonitrile for 1 week. After 1 week, additional dibromobutane (0.21ml) is added and refluxing is continued for 3 days. The reaction mixtureis poured into water, extracted with methylene chloride, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. Theconcentrate is purified by flash chromatography eluting with ethylacetate/hexane (10/90) to ethyl acetate/hexane (25/75). The appropriatefractions are pooled and concentrated to give the title compound, NMR(300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.78, 6.98, 6.78, 3.52, 3.20-3.10, 1.87 and 1.44 δ.

PREPARATION 48 1-[3-(1-Pyrrolidinyl)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II)

1-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 47, 0.26 g) is dissolved in 1.3 ml of THF and cooled to 0°.Trifluoroacetic acid (1.3 ml) is added and the reaction is stirred at 0°for 20 min, and then warmed to 20°-25° for 20 min. Then the reaction ispoured into 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide and extracted withmethanol/chloroform (10/90, 2×50 ml), dried over anhydrous sodiumsulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the titlecompound, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.64, 6.81, 6.61, 3.05-2.94, 2.86-2.79and 1.78-1.65 δ.

PREPARATION 49 1-(3-Nitro-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine

Homopiperazine (15.58 g) is dissolved in 100 ml of acetonitrile.Potassium carbonate (8.7 g) is added and then the2-chloro-3-nitropyridine (5.0 g) dissolved in 25 ml of acetonitrile isadded dropwise. The reaction is stirred at 20°-25° 4 hr, then dilutedwith methylene chloride, washed with water (2 ×), saline, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to givethe title compound, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.30, 8.08, 6.66, 3.60, 3.41,3.10, 2.89 and 1.93 δ.

PREPARATION 501-(1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-4-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 12 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with1-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine (PREPARATION 49, 7.06 g), thetitle compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.29, 8.05, 6.67,3.76-3.29, 1.98, 1.34, and 1.29 δ.

PREPARATION 511-(1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-4-(3-amino-2-pyridinyl)1,4-diazepine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 13 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with1-(1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-4-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)-1,4diazepine(PREPARATION 50, 6.0 g), title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃) 7.75, 6.93, 6.81, 3.86, 3.78, 3.66-3.57, 3.51, 3.36-3.2, 3.21,1.95, 1.85, 1.48 and 1.47 δ.

PREPARATION 521-(1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-4-(3-ethylamino-2pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 6 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-(1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-4-(3-amino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4diazepine(PREPARATION 51, 6.07 g), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃) 7.65, 6.86, 6.76, 4.25, 4.11, 3.64-3.48, 3.30-3.21, 3.12-3.08,1.92, 1.83, 1.47, and 1.56 δ.

PREPARATION 53 1-(3-Ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine (II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 9 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-(1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-4-(3N-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine(PREPARATION 52, 5.12 g), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃) 7.66, 6.85, 6.76, 4.17, 3.31-3.26, 3.14-3.01, 1.84 and 1.29 δ.

PREPARATION 541-(1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-4-(3-(1-methylethyl)amino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 8 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-(1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-4-(3-amino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4diazepine(PREPARATION 51, 18.13 g), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃) 7.62, 6.85, 6.76, 4.18, 3.63-3.48, 3.28-3.19, 3.07, 1.92, 1.83,1.46, 1.45 and 1.23 δ.

PREPARATION 55 1-(3-(1-Methylethyl)amino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine (II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 9 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-(1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl)-4-(3-(1-methylethyl)-2pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine(PREPARATION 54, 15.08 g), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃) 7.61, 6.82, 6.75, 4.17, 3.50, 3.28-3.22, 3.06-3.01, 2.67, 1.83and 1.20 δ.

PREPARATION 56 Ethyl 5-(Benzyloxycarbonylamino)indole-2-carboxylate

Ethyl 5-aminoindole-2-carboxylate [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 4621 (1958) JCSPerkin I 53 (1977), 0.50 g] is dissolved in 49 ml of methylene chlorideand pyridine (0.20 g) is added. The reaction is cooled to 0° andbenzylchloroformate (0.36 ml) is added dropwise over 10 min. Thereaction is stirred for 1 hr, diluted with chloroform, washed withsaturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, water, saline, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. Theconcentrate is purified by flash column chromatography (150 g silicagel) eluting with hexane/ethyl acetate (3/1). The appropriate fractionsare pooled and concentrated to give the title compound, NMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃) 8.90, 7.79, 7.41-7.33, 7.24, 7.16, 5.22, 4.40 and 1.41 δ.

PREPARATION 57 5-Benzyloxycarbonylaminoindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Ethyl 5-Benzyloxycarbonylaminoindole-2-carboxylate, (PREPARATION 56,0.76 g) is dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (5.6 ml) and water (0.56 ml).Crushed potassium hydroxide (0.23 g) is added and the reaction is heatedto 50° for 5 hr. The reaction is neutralized by adding 4.05 ml of 1Naqueous hydrochloric acid. The reaction is extracted with THF/chloroform(10/90, 3 ×), saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under reduced pressure to give the title acid, NMR (300MHz, d4-CD3OD) 7.64, 7.34-7.15, 6.98 and 5.09 δ.

PREPARATION 581-[5-Benzyloxycarbonylaminoindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-(1-methylethyl)amino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine

5-Benzyloxycarbonylaminoindole-2-carboxylic acid (PREPARATION 57, 0.65g), and 1-(3-(1-methylethyl)amino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (0.506 g) aredissolved in 4.2 ml of THF. EDC (0.48 g) is added and the reaction isstirred for 2 h. The reaction mixture is diluted with chloroform, washedwith saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, saline, dried over anhydroussodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrateis purified by flash column chromatography (35 g silica gel) elutingwith methanol/chloroform (5/95). The appropriate fractions are pooledand concentrated to give the title compound, NMR (300 MHz, d4-CD3OD)7.66, 7.47, 7.31-7.14, 6.89, 6.69, 5.09, 3.93, 3.54, 2.98 and 1.17 δ.

PREPARATION 601-[5-(2'-Benzyloxyglycylamino)indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-(1-methylethyl)-amino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine

1-(5-Aminoindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-(1-methylethyl)amino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(EXAMPLE 9, 2.5 g), N-carbobenzyloxyglycine (1.52 g) and EDC (1.52 g)are stirred together at 20°-25° in 13 ml of THF for 3 hr. The reactionmixture is diluted with chloroform, washed with saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate, saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrate is purified byflash column chromatography eluting with methanol/chloroform (5/95). Theappropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give the titlecompound, NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 7.75, 7.43, 7.26-7.20, 6.86, 6.69, 4.99,3.90-3.80, 3.52, 2.96 and 1.11 δ.

PREPARATION 61 1-Methyl 4-methoxy-α-azidocinnamate

p-Methoxybenzaldehyde (5.0 g) and methyl azidoacetate (16.9 g) aredissolved in 125 ml of methanol and cooled to -10° (ice-acetone bath).Then sodium methoxide (7.93 g, 25% in methanol) is added dropwise suchthat the temperature does not rise above -5°. After 2 hr the coolingbath is removed and the reaction is warmed to 20°-25° while beingmonitored by TLC. When no starting material remained, the reaction isdiluted with ether and saturated ammonium chloride. After extractingwith ether the organic layers are washed with ammonium chloride, saline,dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reducedpressure. The concentrate is purified by flash column chromatographyeluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (1/99) to ethyl acetate/hexane(10/90). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to givethe title compound, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.80-7.76, 6.92-6.87, 3.88 and3.79 δ.

PREPARATION 62 Methyl 6-Methoxyindole-2-carboxylate

Toluene (185 ml) is added to methyl 4-methoxy-α-azidocinnamate(PREPARATION 61, 7.73 g) and the reaction is brought to reflux andmaintained at reflux for 3 hr. Then the reaction is concentrated underreduced pressure and triturated with hexane. The solids are filtered anddried under reduced pressure to give the title indole, HRMS Calcd. forC₁₁ H₁₁ NO₃ : 205.0739, found: 205.0736; NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.75,7.47, 7.11, 6.76-6.73, 3.86, and 3.79 δ.

PREPARATION 63 6-Methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Methyl 6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 62, 5.71 g) isdissolved in 70 ml of dioxane and 7 ml of water and 1.87 g of crushedpotassium hydroxide are added. The reaction is heated to 50° and stirred1.5 hr. The reaction mixture is acidified to pH 4-5 and extractedseveral times with methanol/chloroform (10/90). The organic layers arecombined and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentratedunder reduced pressure to give the title acid, NMR (300 MHz, d4-CD₃ OD)7.47, 7.08, 6.90, 6.72 and 3.82 δ.

PREPARATION 64 Methyl 4-fluoro-α-azidocinnamate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with p-fluorobenzaldehyde (5.0 g),the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.82, 7.07, 6.87and 3.91 δ.

PREPARATION 65 Methyl 6-fluoroindole-2-carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl4-fluoro-α-azidocinnamate (PREPARATION 64, 7.00 g), the title compoundis obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.95, 7.61, 7.20, 7.08, 6.93 and 3.95δ.

PREPARATION 66 6-Fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl6-fluoroindole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 65, 1.77 g), the titlecompound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, d4-CD₃ OD) 7.60, 7.13, 7.10 and 6.86δ.

PREPARATION 67 Methyl 2-methoxy-α-azidocinnamate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with 2-methoxybenzaldehyde (4.6 g),the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.18, 7.39, 7.32,6.99, 6.87, 3.90 and 3.86 δ.

PREPARATION 68 Methyl 4-Methoxyindole-2-carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl2-methoxy-α-azidocinnamate (PREPARATION 67, 4.56 g), the title compoundis obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 9.02, 7.34, 7.26, 7.02, 6.50, 3.95 and3.94 δ.

PREPARATION 69 4-Methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl4-methoxyindole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 68, 3.16 g), the titlecompound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, d4-CD₃ OD) 7.18, 7.16, 7.00, 6.49and 3.92 δ.

PREPARATION 701-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylpropyl)amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 8 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[(3-amino)-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(International Publication No. WO 88/08424, 1.0 g), 2-butanone (0.27 g)sodium cyanoborohydride (0.23 g), acetic acid (5.1 ml) and methanol, thetitle compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.68, 6.94, 6.86, 4.18,3.56, 3.33, 3.05, 1.53, 1.47, 1.18 and 0.96 δ.

PREPARATION 71 1-[3-(1-Methylpropyl)amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 9 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylpropyl)amino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(PREPARATION 70, 1.62 g), trifluoroacetic acid (5.52 g) and 10 ml ofmethylene chloride, the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃)7.66, 6.87, 6.78, 4.17, 3.31, 3.06, 2.81, 1.64-1.48, 1.17 and 0.95 δ.

PREPARATION 721-[Benzyloxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(1-ethylpropylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 8 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[benzyloxycarbonyl]-4-[(3-amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION100 10.5 g), 3-pentanone (0.15 g) sodium cyanoborohydride (0.11 g),acetic acid (52.3 ml) and methanol (3.2), the title compound isobtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.66, 7.38-7.33, 6.90, 6.79, 5.17, 4.21,3.65, 3.15, 3.04, 1.66-1.46 and 0.93 δ.

PREPARATION 73 1-[3-(1-Ethylpropyl)amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 59 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with1-[1-benzyloxycarbonyl]-4-[(3-(1-ethylpropylamino)-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(PREPARATION 72, 0.30 g), 10% palladium on carbon (30 mg) and ethylacetate (10 ml), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃)7.65, 6.87, 6.78, 4.19, 3.40-3.10, 3.00-2.75, 1.64-1.49, and 0.93 δ.

PREPARATION 74N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)ethylenediamine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 35 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylicacid the title compound is obtained, mp 165°-167°.

PREPARATION 75N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(5-fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)ethylenediamine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 35 and makingnon-critical variations but employing 5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid,the title compound is obtained, mp 161°-162°.

PREPARATION 76 7-Azaindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 42 and makingnon-critical variations employing 7-azaindole, the title compound isobtained, NMR (300 MHz, d₆ -DMSO) 12.64, 8.44, 8.25, 7.25 and 7.18 δ.

PREPARATION 77 Methyl 3,4-methylenedioxy-α-azidocinnamate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with piperonal (5.0 g), and methylazido acetate (15.3 g), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃) 7.56, 7.17, 6.84, 6.82, 6.00 and 3.90 δ.

PREPARATION 78 Methyl 5,6-methylenedioxyindole-2-carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl3,4-methylenedioxy-α-azidocinnamate (PREPARATION 77, 5.38 g), the titlecompound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.90, 7.08, 6.99, 6.82, 5.97and 3.91 δ.

PREPARATION 79 5,6-Methylenedioxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl5,6-methylenedioxyindole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 78, 4.77 g),potassium hydroxide (1.47 g), the title compound is obtained, C,H,Nanalysis calcd. for C₁₀ H₇ NO₄ C, 58.54; H, 3.44; N, 6.83; found: C,58.27; H, 3.18; N, 6.95.

PREPARATION 80 Methyl 3-bromo-4-methoxy-α-azidocinnamate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with 3-bromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde(5.0 g) and methyl azidoacetate (10.7 g), the title compound isobtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.10, 7.73, 6.89, 6.79, 3.94 and 3.90 δ.

PREPARATION 81 Methyl 5-bromo-6-methoxyindole carboxylate and methyl7-bromo-6-methoxyindole carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl3-bromo-4-methyl-α-azidocinnamate (PREPARATION 80, 3.25 g), the titlecompounds are obtained (2.22 g of methyl 5-bromo-6-methoxyindolecarboxylate and 0.46 g of methyl 7-bromo-6-methoxyindole carboxylate).They are separated by careful chromatography (5% acetone/hexane to 20%acetone/hexane). Methyl 5-bromo-6-methoxyindole carboxylate, NMR (300MHz, CDCl₃) 8.87, 7.86, 7.09, 6.88 and 3.93 δ. Methyl7-bromo-6-methoxyindole carboxylate, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.83, 7.58,7.24, 6.89, 3.98 and 3.95 δ.

PREPARATION 82 5-Bromo-6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl 5-bromo-6-methoxyindolecarboxylate (PREPARATION 81, 3.31 g) and potassium hydroxide (0.98 g),the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CD₃ OD) 7.79, 7.03, 7.01and 3.89 δ.

PREPARATION 83 7-Bromo-6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl 7-bromo-6-methoxyindolecarboxylate (PREPARATION 81, 0.36 g) and potassium hydroxide (0.11 g),the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CD₃ OD), 7.58, 7.20, 6.96and 3.93 δ.

PREPARATION 84 Methyl 2-methyl-α-azidocinnamate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with o-tolualdehyde (5.0 g), methylazidoacetate (19.2 g), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃) 7.96, 7.26-7.18, 7.13, 3.92 and 2.36 δ.

PREPARATION 85 Methyl 4-methylindole-2-carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl2-methyl-α-azidocinnamate (PREPARATION 84, 6.77 g), the title compoundis obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.93, 7.27-7.20, 6.94, 3.95 and 2.57δ.

PREPARATION 86 4-Methylindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl4-methylindole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 85, 4.94 g), potassiumhydroxide (1.75 g), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CD₃OD) 7.24, 7.19, 7.12, 6.85 and 2.51 δ.

PREPARATION 87 Methyl 4-N,N-dimethylamino-α-azidocinnamate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde(5.0 g), methyl azido acetate (15.4 g), the title compound is obtained,NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.74, 6.69, 3.88 and 3.03 δ.

PREPARATION 88 Methyl 6-(N,N-dimethylamino)indole-2-carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with6-(N,N-dimethyl)amino-α-azidocinnamate (PREPARATION 87, 1.46 g), thetitle compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.70, 7.53, 7.12, 6.82,6.69, 3.91, and 3.01 δ.

PREPARATION 89 6-(N,N-Dimethylamino)indole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl6-(N,N-dimethylamino)indole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 88, 0.80 g),potassium hydroxide (0.25 g), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300MHz, CD₃ OD) 7.62, 7.13, 7.11, 7.01, and 3.11 δ.

PREPARATION 90 Methyl 3-fluoro-4-methoxy-α-azidocinnamate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with 3-fluoro-4-methoxybenzaldehyde(5.0 g), and methylazido acetate (14.91 g), the title compound isobtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.75, 7.45, 6.95, 6.81, 3.93, and 3.90 δ.

PREPARATION 91 Methyl 5-fluoro-6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl3-fluoro-4-methoxy-α-azidocinnamate (PREPARATION 90, 1.31 g), the titlecompound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.88, 7.32, 7.12, 6.90, and3.93 δ.

PREPARATION 92 5-Fluoro-6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl3-fluoro-4-methoxyindole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 91, 1.05 g),potassium hydroxide (0.32 g), the title compound is obtained (0.98 g, mp239°-240°), NMR (300 MHz, CD₃ OD) 7.27, 7.06, 7.03, and 3.89 δ.

PREPARATION 93 Methyl-4-nitro-α-azidocinnamate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with p-nitrobenzaldehyde (10 g) andmethyl azidoacetate (30.4 g), the title compound is obtained, NMR 8.34,8.07, 7.02, and 4.07 δ.

PREPARATION 94 Methyl 6-nitroindole-2-carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl4-nitro-α-azidocinnamate (PREPARATION 93, 6.75 g), the title compound isobtained, NMR (300 MHz, CD₃ OD) 8.30, 7.87, 7.72, 7.18, and 3.86 δ.

PREPARATION 95 6-Nitroindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting withmethyl-6-nitroindole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 94), the title compoundis obtained.

PREPARATION 96 Methyl-4-diethoxymethyl-α-azidocinnamate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with terephthaldehyde mono-(diethylacetal), the title compound is obtained.

PREPARATION 97 Methyl 6-formylindole-2-carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting withmethyl-4-diethoxymethyl-α-azidocinnamate (PREPARATION 96), the titlecompound is obtained.

PREPARATION 98 6-Formylindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl6-formylindole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 97), the title compound isobtained, NMR (300 MHz, CD₃ OD) 9.91, 7.39, 7.69, 7.53 and 7.11 δ.

PREPARATION 99 1-[Benzyloxycarbonyl]-4-[3-nitro-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

1-(3-Nitro-2-piperazine is dissolved in 175 ml of methylene chloride andcooled to 0°. Then pyridine is added followed by benzylchloroformate(16.5 ml). The reaction is stirred 1.5 hr, then poured into saturatedaqueous sodium bicarbonate and extracted with chloroform, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to afford the titlecompound, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.34, 8.15, 7.38-7.32, 6.81, 5.17, 3.65and 3.45 δ.

PREPARATION 100 1-[Benzyloxycarbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

1-[Benzyloxycarbonyl]-4-[3-nitro-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION99), is dissolved in dioxane (923ml) and cooled to 0°. Then aqueoustitanium trichloride (20%, 555.3 ml) is added cautiously. After stirring30 min the reaction is diluted with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution(2N, 1.5 l) and filtered through celite. The filter cake is washed withmethanol/chloroform (10/90). The combined organic layers are washed withwater, saline, dried and concentrated in vacuo to afford the desiredproduct, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.80, 7.38-7.32, 6.99, 6.88, 5.17, 3.67and 3.12 δ.

PREPARATION 1011-[Benzyloxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

1-[Benzyloxycarbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION100), is dissolved in 50 ml of methylene chloride and triethylamine isadded. The reaction is cooled to 0° and trifluoroacetic anhydride isadded dropwise. After 30 min, the reaction is poured into saturatedaqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with chloroform,washed with saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedin vacuo, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.92, 8.54, 8.22, 7.39-7.32, 7.16, 5.17,3.70 and 3.03 δ.

PREPARATION 102 1-[3-(2,2,2-Trifluoroacetamido)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

1-[Benzyloxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetamido)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 101), is dissolved in 70 ml of ethanol and 0.25 g of 10%palladium on carbon is added. The reaction is hydrogenated at 40 psi for20 hr. Then it is filtered through a pad of celite and concentrated invacuo to afford the title compound which is used without furtherpurification, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.51, 8.21, 7.19, and 3.45-3.47 δ.

PREPARATION 103 1-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(II)

1-[3-(2,2,2-Trifluoroacetamido)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION102), is dissolved in 5 ml of tetrahydrofuran and cooled to 0°. Then4.84 ml of lithium aluminum hydride solution is added dropwise. After 10min of stirring at 0°, the reaction is warmed to 20°-25° and stirred 45min. The reaction is quenched at 0° with the dropwise addition of 0.4 mlof water, 0.6 ml of 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide, and 1 ml of water. Theslurry is filtered through celite, washed with 20% methanol/chloroformand concentrated in vacuo to afford the title amine which is usedwithout further purification, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃), 7.82, 6.97-6.92,4.86, 3.75, and 3.06-3.01 δ.

PREPARATION 1041-Benzyloxycarbonyl-4-[3-(2-fluoroacetamido)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 101 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with fluoroacetyl chloride (0.94g), 1-benzyloxycarbonyl-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION100, 3.0 g), the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.83,8.65, 8.14, 7.38-7.32, 7.12, 5.17, 4.96, 3.70 and 3.07 δ.

PREPARATION 105 1-[3-(2-Fluoroacetamido)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 102 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with1-benzyloxycarbonyl-4-[3-(2'-fluoroacetamido)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(2.42 g), 10% palladium on carbon (0.25 g), the title compound isobtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.15, 7.97, 7.00, 4.88, 4.73 and 3.13 δ.

PREPARATION 106 1-[3-(2-Fluoroethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 103 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with1-[3-(2-fluoroacetamido)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 105, 1.4g), lithium aluminum hydride (11.76 ml, 1M in tetrahydrofuran), thetitle compound is obtained.

PREPARATION 107 1-[3-(1-Methylethylamino)-2-pyrazinyl]-1,4-diazepine(II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 24 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with homopiperazine (2.46 g) and2-chloro-3-(1-methylethyl)aminopyrazine (PREPARATION 23), the titlecompound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.56, 7.34, 4.75, 4.04,3.28-3.18, 3.00-2.94, 1.79, and 1.15 δ.

PREPARATION 108 3,5-Dichloro-4-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)pyridazine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 31 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with t-butylamine (66.5 ml), and3,4,5-trichloropyridazine, the title compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz,CDCl₃) 8.50, 5.09, and 1.55 δ.

PREPARATION 1091-[5-Chloro-4-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-3-pyridazinyl]piperazine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 32 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with3,5-dichloro-4-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)pyridazine (PREPARATION 108), thetitle compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.55, 5.04, 3.25, 3.07,and 1.44 δ.

PREPARATION 110 1-[4-(1,1-Dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridazinyl]piperazine(II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 28 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with1-[5-chloro-4-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-3-pyridazinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 109), and triethylamine (4.6 ml), the title compound isobtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.53, 6.79, 5.57, 3.55, and 1.47 δ.

PREPARATION 111 Methyl 2-azido-3-(2-naphthyl)propionate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with 2-naphthaldehyde (5.0 g), thetitle compound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 8.28, 7.94, 7.90-7.79,7.51, 7.07, and 3.93 δ.

PREPARATION 112 Methyl benz[g]indole-2-carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl2-azido-3-(2-naphthyl)propionate (PREPARATION 111, 4.28 g), the titlecompound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 9.36, 8.20, 7.92, 7.67,7.61-7.46, 7.33 and 4.00 δ.

PREPARATION 113 Benz[g]indole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methylbenz[g]indole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 112, 3.78 g), the titlecompound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CD₃ OD) 8.35, 7.78, 7.54, 7.44,7.40-7.34 and 7.17 δ.

PREPARATION 114 Methyl 2-azido-3-(1-naphthyl)propionate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 61 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with 1-naphthaldehyde (4.0 g), thetitle compound is obtained.

PREPARATION 115 Methyl benz[e]indole-2-carboxylate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl2-azido-3-(1-naphthyl)propionate (PREPARATION 114, 6.54 g), the titlecompound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 9.25, 8.23, 7.89, 7.02, 7.75,7.62-7.51, 7.51-7.40, and 3.98 δ.

PREPARATION 116 Benz[e]indole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methylbenz[e]indole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 115, 1.28 g), the titlecompound is obtained, NMR (300 MHz, CD₃ OD) 8.23, 7.85, 7.70, 7.64,7.52, and 7.39 δ.

PREPARATION 1171-[1,1-Dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(2-propenylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

A mixture of1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(International Publication 88/08424, 2.78 g), 2-bromopropene (1.87 g),anhydrous potassium carbonate (3.3 g) and acetonitrile (100 ml) isrefluxed for 36 hr. The mixture is cooled and then diluted withdichloromethane and aqueous potassium carbonate solution. The phases areseparated and the organic phase is washed with saline and thanconcentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash column chromatography (2%methanol/chloroform) provided of the title compound. Capillary GCanalysis (HP1 column, initial temperature at 100° for 1 min, thenprogrammed to rise 20° per minute to 250°) gave a peak at 6.06 (96%)minutes.

PREPARATION 118 1-[3-(2-Propenylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II)

Following the procedure of PREPARATION 7 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl]-4-[3-(2-propenyl)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 117, 0.7 g), the title compound is obtained. TLC analysis(silica gel, eluent: 15% methanol/chloroform, visualization with UVlight and iodine vapor) showed one spot, Rf=0.1.

PREPARATION 119 Methyl 6-hydroxymethylindole-2-carboxylate

Sodium borohydride is added to a solution of methyl4-formylmethyl-α-azidoinnamate in methanol at 0°. After 30 min, thereaction is warmed to 20°-25° and stirred for a further 30 min. Then isit cooled to 0° and quenched via the addition of water. The product isextracted with chloroform, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated in vacuo to provide the title compound.

PREPARATION 120 Methyl-4-hydroxymethyl-α-azidocinnamate

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 62 and makingnon-critical variations but starting withmethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-α-azidocinnamate (PREPARATION 119), the titlecompound is obtained.

PREPARATION 121 6-Hydroxymethylindole-2-carboxylic acid (I)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 63 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with methyl6-hydroxymethylindole-2-carboxylate (PREPARATION 120), the titlecompound is obtained.

PREPARATION 1221-[6-Methanesulfonyloxymethylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[6-Hydroxymethylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 126) is dissolved in methylene chloride and cooled to 0°. Thenpyridine followed by methanesulfonyl chloride are added. The reaction isstirred for 30 min, then poured into aqueous sodium bicarbonate solutionand extracted with chloroform. The organic layers are dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to afford the titlecompound.

PREPARATION 1235,6-Dihydro-1H-3H-pyrrolo-[3,2,1,i,j]-[3,1]-benzoxazine-1,3-dione-quinoline-4,6-dione(I)

Indoline-7-carboxylic acid (G. M. Coppola, S. Palermo, J. HeterocyclicChem. 1986, 23, 971) is dissolved in 0.5N hydrochloric acid and phosgeneis bubbled through for 2 hr at 0°. The reaction is filtered andrecrystallized from acetonitrile/toluene to afford the title compound,mp 234°-235°. [lit. m.p. 236°-239° dec.]

PREPARATION 124 1-(1,1-Dimethylethoxy)carbonyl-4-methylaminopiperidine

Methylamine hydrochloride (2.36 g) is dissolved in methanol (50 ml) andpotassium hydroxide pellets (0.60 g) andN-(1,1-di-methylethoxycarbonyl)-4-piperidone are added. Sodiumcyanoborohydride (0.69 g) in methanol (5 ml) is added and the mixture isstirred 2 hrs. Potassium hydroxide pellets (1.96 g) are added to themixture which is stirred 1 hr and acidified to pH 2 with 6M hydrochloricacid and concentrated. The mixture is diluted with water (50 ml) andextracted with ether (3×80 ml) which is discarded. The aqueous layer isbasified to pH 11 with potassium hydroxide pellets, saturated withsodium chloride and extracted with ether (6×80 ml). The combined organicextracts are dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated to afford anoil which is chromatographed on silica gel with a methanol/chloroformgradient (5-30%). Fractions are pooled on the basis of TLC (R_(f) =0.13,20% methanol/chloroform) to give the title compound, NMR (CDCl₃) 4.04,2.79, 2.54, 2.46, 2.33, 1.88, 1.46, and 1.26 δ.

PREPARATION 1251-(1,1-Dimethylethoxy)carbonyl)-4-(N-methyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)amino)piperidine

Anhydrous potassium carbonate (2.71 g) and 2-chloro-3-nitropyridine(0.93 g) are added to a solution of1-((1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl)-4-methylaminopiperidine (PREPARATION124) (1.40 g) in acetonitrile (50 ml). The mixture is stirred 21 hoursat 20°-25° and additional 2-chloro-3-nitropyridine (100 mg) andacetonitrile (5 ml) are added. The mixture is stirred 2.8 days,concentrated and dissolved in methylene chloride (175 ml) and water (50ml). The phases are separated and the organic phase is extracted withwater (2×50 ml) and saline (40 ml) and dried over sodium sulfate.Concentration under reduced pressure affords an oil which ischromatographed on silica gel (120 g) eluting with 10% ethylacetate/hexane. Fractions with R_(f) =0.29 by TLC (silica gel, 25%ethylacetate/haxane) are pooled and concentrated to give the titlecompound, NMR (CDCl₃) 8.29, 8.11, 6.68, 4.62, 4.26, 2.85, 2.67 and 1.48δ.

PREPARATION 126 4-(N-methyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)amino)piperidine

Trifluoroacetic acid (13.0 ml) is added to a solution of1-((,11-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl)-4-(N-methyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)amino)piperidine(PREPARATION 125) in methylene chloride (100 ml) with cooling to -78°.The mixture is warmed to 20°-25°, stirred 17 hrs, cooled to 0° andbasified to pH 12 with 5% sodium hydroxide. The phases are separated andthe aqueous phase is extracted with methylene chloride (2×50 ml). Thecombined organic phases are dried over sodium sulfate and concentratedto give the title compound, mp 115.5°-117°.

PREPARATION 1271-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-(N-methyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)amino)piperidine(II)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 35 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with4-(N-methyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)amino)piperidine (PREPARATION 126)the title compound is obtained, mp 228°-229.5°.

PREPARATION 128 5-Azaindole-2-carboxylic acid

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 42 and makingnon-critical variations employing 5-azaindole, the title compound isobtained.

PREPARATION 1291-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 22 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with1-[5-fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-nitro-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 17), the title compound is obtained.

EXAMPLE 11-[4-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylbenzoyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxybenzoic acid (I, PREPARATION 3, 0.36 g) is addedto a solution of 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.33 g) in tetrahydrofuran (4ml) at 20°-25°. After one hour of stirring,4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II, International PublicationNo WO 87/01706 based on International Patent application NoPCT/US86/01797, PREPARATION A-47, 0.42 g) in tetrahydrofuran (6 ml) isadded and the solution is stirred for 18 hours. The mixture is dilutedwith dichloromethane and a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonatesolution. The phases are separated, the organic phase is washed withwater, then with saline and the phases are separated. The organic phaseis dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure togive an oil. The oil is flash chromatographed on silica gel (230-400mesh), the product eluted with chloroform, the appropriate fractions arepooled and concentrated to give the title compound.

The title compound is treated with ethereal hydrochloric acid, and theresulting oil is solidified by dissolving in acetone (6 ml) and addingdrop by drop to ether (500 ml). The solid precipitate is collected anddried in a vacuum oven at 70° to give the hydrochloride salt of thetitle compound, analysis calcd for C₂₁ H₂₈ N₄ O₂.6 HCl.4 H₂ O (C, 64.45;H, 7.40; N, 14.31; Cl, 5.44) found C, 64.62; H, 7.45; N, 14.49; Cl,5.33.

EXAMPLE 31-[4-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylbenzyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 1 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxybenzyl chloride (I,PREPARATION 4, 3.70 g), the title compound is obtained.

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 1 and making non-criticalvariations the title compound is converted to its hydrochloride saltwhich is recrystallized from a methanol/ether mixture, mp 214°-216°.

EXAMPLE 41-[4-Hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 1 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzyl chloride (I,PREPARATION 5, 1.6 g), the title compound is obtained.

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 1 and making non-criticalvariations the title compound is converted to its hydrochloride saltwhich is recrystallized from methanol/ether, mp. 203°-206°.

EXAMPLE 51-[4-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylbenzyl]-4-[3-(propylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 1 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxybenzyl chloride (I,PREPARATION 4, 0.41 g) and 1-[3-(propylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(II, PREPARATION 7, 0.42 g), the title compound is obtained.

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 1 and making non-criticalvariations, the hydrochloride salt of the title compound is obtained,which is recrystallized from acetone/ether, mp 223°-225°.

EXAMPLE 7 1-[4-Methoxybenzyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

A solution of1-[4-Methoxyphenyl-1-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III, PREPARATION 18, 1.5 g) in tetrahydrofuran (20 ml) is addeddropwise to a suspension of lithium aluminum hydride (0.35 g) intetrahydrofuran (15 ml) at 20°-25°. The mixture is stirred for 20 hours.The reaction is quenched by sequential addition of water (0.35 ml),aqueous sodium hydroxide (15%, 0.35 ml) and water (1.05 ml). The mixtureis filtered, and the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure toan oil. The oil is flash chromatographed on silica gel, eluting withchloroform. The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated togive the title compound.

The hydrochloride salt of the title compound is prepared by dissolvingthe title compound in ether and treating it with ethereal hydrogenchloride. The salt is recrystallized from acetone/ether, mp 189°-190°;MS (high resolution) calculated for C₁₉ H₂₆ N₄ O₁ (326.2106), found326.2106.

EXAMPLE 10 1-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[2-ethoxyphenyl]piperazine (X)

1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (1.30 g) is added to a 20°-25° solution ofindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 1.17 g) in tetrahydrofuran (14 ml). Afterone hour of stirring, the reaction is cooled to 0° and a solution of1-(2-ethoxyphenyl)piperazine (II, 1.50 g) in tetrahydrofuran (7 ml) isadded via cannula. After 30 minutes at 0°, the reaction is warmed to20°-25° and stirred 18 hours. Ddichloromethane (100 ml) is added and themixture is washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. Theresidue is purified by flash column chromatography (2 cm×20 cm) elutingwith 100% chloroform. The appropriate fractions are pooled andconcentrated to give the title compound.

The title compound is dissolved in methanol and treated with etherealhydrochloric acid. The precipitated salt is recrystallized fromether/methanol to give the hydrochloride salt of the title compound, mp.205°-208°.

EXAMPLE 111-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (III)

1,1'-Carbonyldiimidazole (0.825 g) is added to a 20°-25° solution ofindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 0.78 g) in tetrahydrofuran (10 ml). Afterone hour of stirring, 1-(3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (II, 1.0 g)in tetrahydrofuran (5 ml) is added via cannula at 0°. After 15 minutesat 0°, the reaction is warmed to 20°-25° and stirred 20 hours. It isthen diluted with ether (75 ml), washed with saline (75 ml), and driedover anhydrous sodium sulfate. After concentration under reducedpressure, the residue is purified by flash chromatography (2 cm×20 cm)eluting with methanol/chloroform (2/98). The appropriate fractions arepooled and concentrated. The solid is further purified byrecrystallization (ethyl acetate/hexane) to give the title compound, mp.138°-139°.

The title compound is dissolved in methanol and treated with etherealhydrochloric acid. The precipitated salt is recrystallized fromether/methanol to give the hydrochloride salt of the title compound, mp218°-219°.

EXAMPLE 12 1-[5-Methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[2-ethoxyphenyl]piperazine(IV)

1,1'-Carbonyldiimidazole (1.30 g) is added to a 20°-25° solution of5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 1.39) in tetrahydrofuran (14 ml).The reaction is stirred one hour, then cooled to 0° and1-(2-ethoxyphenyl)piperazine (II, 1.50 g) dissolved in tetrahydrofuran(7 ml) is added via cannula. The reaction is warmed to 20°-25° andstirred 48 hours. The reaction is diluted with ether (100 ml), pouredinto saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (100 ml). The organic layersare separated and washed with saline (100 ml), dried over anhydroussodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue isrecrystallized from toluene to give the title compound, mp 105°-107°.

EXAMPLE 161-[5-Methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

1,1'-Carbonyldiimidazole (0.55 g) is added to a 20°-25° solution of5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 0.59 g) in tetrahydrofuran (7.0ml). After stirring 1 hour, the reaction is transferred via cannula intoa solution of 1-(3-N-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (II, 0.70 g) intetrahydrofuran (7 ml) at -12° (ice/acetone bath). The reaction isstirred at -10° for 30 minutes, then slowly warmed to 20°-25° andstirred a further 18 hours. After diluting with ether (60 ml), themixture is washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonte (70 ml),saline (70 ml) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The mixture isconcentrated under reduced pressure to a residue which is purified byflash chromatography (2 cm×20 cm) eluting with methanol/chloroform(2/98) to give the title compound, mp 153°-154°.

EXAMPLE 16A 1-[5-Methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine, hydrochloride (IV)

1-(Ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (1.25 g) is added to asolution of 1-(3-ethyl-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (1.12 g) in THF (15 ml).The reaction is stirred at 20°-25° for 3 hr, then it is dissolved inchloroform (50 ml) and extracted with saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate, saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash columnchromatography (200 g silica) eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (50/50),the appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give the titlecompound. The product is dissolved in methanol (150 ml) with heating,cooled to 20°-25° and chlorotrimethylsilane (4.70 mmol) is added. Themixture is concentrated to half-volume, ether is added until cloudy andthe flask is stored at 0° overnight. Filtration gives the hydrochloridesalt, mp 194°-195°. CMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 165.2, 155.9, 146.1, 144.8,133.4, 130.5, 128.9, 125.6, 122.6, 116.7, 113.9, 106.5, 103.3, 56.3,39.1 and 14.2 δ.

The mesylate salt is formed by dissolving the free base in methanol andmethanesulfonic acid (1 eq) is added. The solution is diluted withdiethyl ether until the salt crystallizes out of solution. The crystalsare collected and dried to afford the mesyl salt of the title compound,mp 215°-216°, CMR (300 MHz, CD₃ OD) 165.22, 156.03, 1462.3, 141.75,133.35, 130.6, 129.0, 125.7, 123.5, 122.5, 166.6, 113.9, 106.5, 103.2,56.2, 45.7, 39.7, 39.0 and 14.1 δ.

EXAMPLE 171-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 1 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with indole-2-carboxylic acid (I) and1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II, PREPARATION 9,0.19 g), the title compound is obtained, mp 151°-152°.

EXAMPLE 191-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(N,N-diethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-amino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (III,PREPARATION 22, 0.01 g) is dissolved in methanol (2.5 ml) and cooled to0°. Acetaldehyde (0.041 g) and acetic acid (5 drops) are added. After 15minutes of stirring sodium cyanoborohydride (0.04 g) is added. Thereaction is slowly warmed to 20°-25° and acetaldehyde is added at 1 hourintervals (5×0.041 g). Stirring is continued 18 hours at 20°-25°. Thenthe reaction is diluted with dichloromethane (20 ml), washed withsaturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (20 ml) and saline (20 ml). Theorganic layer is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedunder reduced pressure. Purification by flash column chromatography(methylene chloride), pooling the appropriate fractions andconcentrating them give the title compound, mp 173°-174°; MS (m/e) 378,377, 348, 205, 204, 178, 176, 162 and 144.

EXAMPLE 20 1-[Indolyl-2-methyl]-4 -[3-ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Lithium aluminum hydride (0.011 g) is added to ether (1 ml) at 0°.1-(2-Indolylcarbonyl)-4-[3-(ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (III,EXAMPLE 11, 0.10 g) is added portionwise. After the solution is completethe reaction is stirred at 20°-25° for 18 hours. The reaction isquenched at 0° by the dropwise addition of water (0.2 ml), aqueoussodium hydroxide (15%, 0.1 ml), and water (9.5 ml). The resulting slurryis filtered through a pad of celite and sodium sulfate and concentratedunder reduced pressure. The concentrate is purified by flash columnchromatography (8 g silica gel), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane(1/1). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give thetitle compound. NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃), 8.68, 7.71, 7.56, 7.35, 7.15,7.08, 6.90, 6.80, 6.38, 4.16, 3.10, 2.65 and 1.29 δ.

EXAMPLE 211-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(propylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.48) is added to a 20°-25° solution of5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 0.53 g) in THF (6 ml). After 1 hourof stirring the above reaction is added dropwise via cannula to asolution of [3-(propylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II, PREPARATION 7,0.72 g) in THF (6 ml) at -10° (ice/acetone bath). The reaction isstirred for 30 minutes at -10°, slowly warming to 20°-25°, and stirredfor 4 hours. The reaction is diluted with dichloromethane (50 ml),washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (40 ml), saline (40ml), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reducedpressure. The concentrate is purified by flash column chromatography (40g silica gel) eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (1/1). The appropriatefractions are pooled and concentrated to give the title compound, mp196°-198°; IR (mineral oil) 3200, 2920-3000, 1630 and 1424 cm⁻¹ ; NMR(300 MHz, CDCl₃) 9.82, 7.72, 7.35, 7.27, 7.03, 6.95, 6.86, 6.78, 4.32,4.09, 3.21, 3.08, 1.71 and 1.05 δ; CMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 162.3, 159.5,149.7, 137.4, 135.1, 132.3, 130.7, 127.5, 127.4, 120.4, 116.3, 113.4,112.9, 112.7, 112.5, 106.1, 105.8, 105.8, 105.1, 105.0, 49.0, 45.2, 22.5and 11.6 δ; MS (m/e) 382, 381, 190, 176, 164, 162, 134 and 120.

EXAMPLE 221-[5-Chloroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.42 g) is added to a 20°-25° solution of5-chloroindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 0.5 g) in THF (5 ml). After 1 hourof stirring at 20°-25°, the above reaction is added dropwise over 10minutes via cannula to a -10° (ice/acetone bath) solution of[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II, 0.58 g) in THF (5 ml). After30 minutes of stirring at -10°, the reaction is warmed to 20°-25° andstirring is continued for 5 hours. The reaction is diluted withdichloromethane (50 ml), washed with saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate (40 ml), water (40 ml) and saline (40 ml). The organiclayers are dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated underreduced pressure. The concentrate is purified by flash columnchromatography (50 g silica gel), eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane(1/1). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give thetitle compound, mp 208°-209°; IR (mineral oil) 3200, 2920-3000, 1632,and 1425 cm⁻¹ ; NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 9.77, 7.72, 7.60, 7.36, 7.22, 6.97,6.86, 6.75, 4.23, 4.09, 3.23-3.15, and 1.33 δ; MS (m/e) 383, 178, 176,162, 150, 148, 137, 134, and 120.

EXAMPLE 231-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-piperazine(III)

1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.55 g) is added to a 20°-25° solution of5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 0.55 g) in THF (7 ml). After 1 hourthe above reaction is added dropwise via cannula over 10 minutes to a-12° (ice/acetone bath) solution of[3-ethylamine)-2-pyridinyl)]piperazine (0.70 g) in THF (7 ml). Thereaction is stirred 30 minutes at -12° and then slowly allowed to warmto 20°-25°. After 18 hours of stirring, the reaction is diluted withether (50 ml), washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (50 ml),saline (50 ml), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentratedunder reduced pressure. The concentrate is purified by flash columnchromatography (4 cm column), eluting with methanol/chloroform (5/95).The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give the titlecompound, mp 187°-188°.

EXAMPLE 241-[5-Ethylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.43 g) is added to a 20°-25° solution of5-ethylindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 0.5 g) in THF (5 ml). After 1 hourthe above reaction is added via cannula over 10 minutes to a -10°solution of [3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II, 0.56 g) in THF (5ml). The reaction is slowly allowed to warm to 20°-25° and stirred for 5hours. The reaction is diluted with dichloromethane (30 ml), washed withsaturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (40 ml), water (40 ml) and saline(40 ml). The organic layer is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrate is purified byflash column chromatography (50 g silica gel), eluting with ethylacetate/hexane (1/2). The appropriate fractions are pooled andconcentrated to give the title compound, mp 174°-176°; IR (mineral oil)3371, 2920-3000, 1609, and 1536 cm⁻¹ ; NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 9.23, 7.72,7.45, 7.35, 7.15, 6.96, 6.86, 6.76, 4.23, 4.08, 3.22-3.19, 27.4, 1.33,and 1.28 δ; MS (m/e) 378, 377, 176, 172, 163, 162, 150, 148, and 137.

EXAMPLE 251-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.147 g) is added to a 20°-25° solution of5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 0.163 g) in THF (2.5 ml). After 1hour of stirring at 20°-25°, the reaction is cooled to 0° and[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II, PREPARATION 9, 0.20g) dissolved in THF (0.75 ml) is added. The reaction is allowed to warmto 20°-25° and stirred for 18 hours. Then the reaction is diluted withmethylene chloride (15 ml) and washed with saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate (15 ml), water (15 ml) and saline (15 ml). The organic layeris dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reducedpressure to afford the desired product. The product is purified by flashcolumn chromatography (8 g silica gel), eluting with hexane/ethylacetate (2/1). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated togive the title compound, mp 201°-203°.

EXAMPLE 261-[5-Methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.147 g) is added to a room temperaturesolution of 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 0.174 g) in THF (3.6ml). After stirring for 1 hour at 20°-25°, the reaction is cooled to 0°and [3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (II, PREPARATION 9,0.20) dissolved in THF (0.75 ml) is added. The reaction is allowed towarm to 20°-25° And stirred 18 hours. Then the reaction is diluted withmethylene chloride (15 ml) and washed with saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate (15 ml), water (15 ml) and saline (15 ml). The organic layeris dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reducedpressure to a concentrate. The concentrate is purified by flash columnchromatography (8 g silica gel), eluting with hexane/ethyl acetate(2/1). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give thetitle compound, mp 167°-168°.

EXAMPLE 271-[Benzofuroyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but using benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (I, 0.5 g), the titlecompound is obtained, MS (high resolution) calculated for C₂₀ H₂₂ N₄ O₂(350.1743), found 350.1747.

EXAMPLE 281-[5-Methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[2-(ethylamino)phenyl]piperazine (IV)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but using 1-(2-ethylaminophenyl)piperazine (II, PREPARATION15, 0.881 g), the title compound is obtained, mp 190°; HRMS=378.2061(Calcd. for C₂₂ H₂₆ N₄ O₂ is 378.2056).

EXAMPLE 29 1-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[2-(ethylamino)phenyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but using indole-2-carboxylic acid (I, 0.75 g) and1-(2-ethylaminophenyl)piperazine (II, PREPARATION 15, 1.06 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 184°-185°; HRMS=348.1948 (Calcd for C₂₁ H₂₄ N₄O is 348.1950).

EXAMPLE 311-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(cyclopropylmethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-amino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (PREPARATION22, 0.12 g) is dissolved in methanol (2 ml) andcyclopropylcarboxaldehyde (0.028 ml) is added. The reaction mixture iscooled to 0° and 5 drops of acetic acid are added. After 15 min, sodiumcyanoborohydride (0.026 g) is added and the reaction mixture is allowedto warm to 20°-25°. After 3 hr, the reaction is diluted with methylenechloride, washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, dried oversodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrateis purified by flash chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane(25/75). The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to givethe title compound, mp 157°-158°.

EXAMPLE 321-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-methyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 20 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[(5-fluoroindolyl)carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III, EXAMPLE 25), the title compound is obtained.

EXAMPLE 331-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid and1-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION103), the title compound is obtained.

EXAMPLE 341-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid and1-[3,-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION103), the title compound is obtained. NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 9.35, 7.87,7.45, 7.27, 7.19-6.97, 6.77, 5.05, .11, 3.83, and 3.30 δ.

EXAMPLE 351-[5-Benzyloxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-benzyloxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (1.0g), 1-(3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (International Publication WO87/01706, 0.81 g), 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.61 g) and THF (7 ml), thetitle compound is obtained, mp 192°-193°.

EXAMPLE 361-[5-Benzyloxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethyl)amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

5-Benzyloxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (131 mg) and1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (96 mg) are dissolved in dry THF (2 ml) andstirred for 2 hr at 20°-25°. The resulting solution is added via canulato a -10° cooled solution of1-[3-(1-methylethyl)amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 9, 121 mg)in dry THF (2 ml). The reaction mixture is then allowed to reach 20°-25°overnight. The reaction mixture is then diluted with ethyl acetate,washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate and water, dried over magnesiumsulfate, and concentrated to given an oil. Purification of this oil on asilica gel flash column eluting with hexane/ethyl acetate (1/1), theappropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give the titlecompound. Recrystallization from ethyl acetate/methylene chloride givesthe purified title compound, mp 147°-148°.

EXAMPLE 371-[5-Benzyloxycarbonylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

1-[5-Benzyloxycarbonylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 35, 0.25 g) is dissolved in methanol (30 ml) and then palladiumon carbon (10%, 0.10 mg) and ammonium formate (0.05 g) are added. Thereaction is stirred at 20°-25° for 4 hr and then filtered through celiteand concentrated. Then the reaction is dissolved in methanol/chloroform(10/90) and washed with water (2×), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfateand concentrated under reduced pressure. The produce is purified byrecrystallization from ethyl acetate/hexane to give the title compound,mp 216°-217°.

EXAMPLE 381-[5-Hydroxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 37 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[5-benzyloxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 36), the title compound is obtained, mp 254°-257°.

EXAMPLE 391-[Indolyl-2-methyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 20 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III, EXAMPLE 17), the title compound is obtained.

EXAMPLE 421-[5-Methoxy-4,6,7-trimethylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLES 1 and 16 and makingnon-critical variations but starting with5-methoxy-4,6,7-trimethylindole-2-carboxylic acid (I, PREPARATION 20),the title compound is obtained, mp 166°-168°.

EXAMPLE 441-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (45 mg) isadded to a 20°-25° solution of indole-2-carboxylic acid (35 mg) and1-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 21, 50mg) in tetrahydrofuran (3 ml). After stirring 1 hr, the solution isdiluted with water and extracted with methylene chloride (3×). Thecombined extracts are washed with saline, dried over anhydrous sodiumsulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Theresulting solid is flash chromatographed (silica gel, 230-400 mesh),eluting with methanol/methylene chloride (1/25); the appropriatefractions are pooled and concentrated to give the title compound, as anoil. The PMR, CMR, IR, and mass (M+377) spectra support the desiredcompound.

The title compound is dissolved in methanol and treated with etherealhydrochloric acid. The precipitated salt is collected by filtration anddried in vacuo to give the hydrochloride salt of the title compound, mp175°-190°.

EXAMPLE 451-[5-Methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazinehydrochloride salt (V)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 44 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (204 mg),1-(ethyl)-3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (224 mg), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 119°-121°; MS (m/e) 407.

EXAMPLE 461-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl)piperazine hydrochloride salt (III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 44 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (88 mg),the title compound is obtained, mp 168°-178°; MS (m/e) 395.

EXAMPLE 471-(5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyrazinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with indole-2-carboxylic acid (0.215 g),1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.20 g) and1-[2-(1-methylethylamino-3-pyrazinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 25, 0.32 g)in THF (5 ml). The product is chromatographed eluting withmethanol/chloroform (1/99). The appropriate fractions are pooled andconcentrated to give the title compound.

The title compound is treated with ethereal hydrochloric acid, thehydrochloride salt is recrystallized from methanol/ether to give salt ofthe title compound, mp 251°-252°.

EXAMPLE 481-(5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[5-(1-methylethylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (0.179 g)and 1-[5-(1-methylethylamino)-4-pyrimidinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 30,0.24 g), the title compound is obtained.

The free amine is treated with ethereal hydrochloric acid. Thehydrochloride salt is recrystallized from ethanol/ether to give the saltof the title compound, mp 288°-289°.

EXAMPLE 491-(Indolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[4-(1-methylethylamino)-3-pyridazinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 33), the title compound is obtained.

The free base is treated with and ethanolic solution of methanesulfonicacid (0.21 g) and recrystallized from ethanol/ethyl acetate to give thesalt of the title compound, mp foams at 130°-145° then melts at182°-185°.

EXAMPLE 501-(5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[4-(1-methylethyl)amino)-3-pyridazinyl]piperazine,methane sulfonate (III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (0.53 g)and 1-[4-(1-methylethylamino)-3-pyridazinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 33,3.0 mmol), in a solid is obtained which is recrystallized from ethylacetate to give the title compound.

The free base is treated with and ethanolic solution of methanesulfonicacid (0.21 g) and recrystallized from ethanol to give the salt of thetitle compound, mp 215°-217°.

EXAMPLE 511-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyrazinyl]piperazine

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (0.44 g)and 3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyrazinylpiperazine (2.50 mmol), asolid is obtained which is recrystallized from ethyl acetate to give thetitle compound.

The free base (0.5 g) is treated with and ethanolic solution ofmethanesulfonic acid (0.13 g) and recrystallized from ethanol/ethylacetate/hexane to give the salt of the title compound, mp softens at130°-155°, then melts at 175°.

EXAMPLE 52N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-(3-(1-methylethylamino)pyrid-2-yl)ethylenediamine(III)

Palladium black (100 mg) is added to a solution ofN,N'-dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl-N'-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)ethylendiamine(PREPARATION 35, 150 mg) in methanol (20 ml) and acetone (10 ml). Themixture is stirred one hour under a hydrogen atmosphere (balloon),filtered and concentrated. The residue is dissolved in methanol (4 ml)and acetone (1 ml) and treated with sodium cyanoborohydride (31 mg) andenough acetic acid to give pH 5 on moistened indicator paper. Themixture is stirred 5.25 hr at 20°-25°, concentrated to dryness andpartitioned between methylene chloride (30 ml) and saturated potassiumcarbonate (10 ml). The phases are separated, the organic phase isextracted with the base (10 ml) and dried over sodium sulfate. Removalof solvent under reduced pressure gives the crude product. The crudeproduct is chromatographed on a bed of silica gel (40 ml) eluting withethyl acetate/hexane (50/50), pooling and concentrating the appropriatefractions on the basis of TLC (ethyl acetate/silica gel) gives the titlecompound; NMR (CDCl₃) 9.97, 7.71, 7.63, 7.44, 7.26, 7.12, 6.90, 6.85,6.78, 4.25, 3.82, 2.74, and 1.13 δ.

EXAMPLE 53N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-[3-(1-methylethyl-amino)-2-pyridyl]-1,3-propanediamine(III)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATIONS 34 and 35, and EXAMPLE52, making non-critical variations but staring withN,N'-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine, and recrystallizing fromchloroform/ethyl ether gives the title compound, mp 123.5°-124.5°,decomp.

EXAMPLE 54N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-[3-(1-methylethyl-amino)-2-pyridinyl]-1,6-hexanediamine(III)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATIONS 34 and 35, and EXAMPLE52, making non-critical variations but starting withN,N'-dimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine, and recrystallizing fromchloroform/ethyl ether gives the title compound, mp 110°-111°.

EXAMPLE 552-[(N-Methyl-N-(3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl)amino]ethylindol-2-carboxylate

Palladium black (110 mg) is added to2-(N-methyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)amino)-ethyl indol-2-carboxylate(PREPARATION 37, 195 mg) in methanol (75 ml). The mixture is stirredunder a hydrogen atmosphere (balloon) for 30 min at 20°-25°; filteredand concentrated to give a solid. The solid is dissolved in ethanol (12ml) and treated with acetone (0.64 ml) and sodium cyanoborohydride (27mg). Acetic acid is added to adjust to pH 5 as measured on moistened pHtest paper. The mixture is stirred for 3.8 days during which timeadditional sodium cyanoborohydride (39 mg) is added in portions,adjusting the pH on each addition. The mixture is adjusted to pH 3 withaqueous hydrochloric acid (10%), neutralized with aqueous sodiumhydroxide (5% ) and concentrated under reduced pressure to 5 ml. Theresidue is diluted with chloroform, washed with water, saturated aqueouspotassium carbonate, saline and dried over magnesium sulfate. Removal ofsolvent under reduced pressure gives an oil which is chromatographed onsilica gel (10 g, 230-400 mesh) eluting with a gradient of 10-50% ethylacetate/hexane. The appropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated togive the title compound, mp 130°-131°.

EXAMPLE 561-(Indolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-(3-cyclopentylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(III)

Following the general procedures of PREPARATIONS 6 and 7 and EXAMPLE 11and making non-critical variations but using cyclopentanone as thecarbonyl component of the reductive amination reaction, the titlecompound is obtained, mp 165.0°-165.5°.

EXAMPLE 571-(Indolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-(3-cyclopropylamino-2-pyrazinyl)piperazine(III)

Cyclopropylamine (2.4 ml) is added to a solution of 2,3-dichloropyrazine(1.05 g) in dry tetrahydrofuran (5 ml). The mixture is stirred 20 hr at20°-25°, 24 hr at 50° and 24 hr at 65°. The mixture is diluted withethyl acetate (50 ml), washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution(10 ml), dried with saline and over sodium sulfate and concentrated toan oil, a 10:1 mixture of 2-chloro-3-cyclopropylaminopyrazine and thestarting dichloropyrazine. Piperazine (301 mg) is added to the oil (120mg) and tetrahydrofuran (1 ml). The mixture is heated 65 hr at 80°,diluted with ether (30 ml) and washed with water (10 ml) containingaqueous sodium hydroxide solution (5%, 2 ml). The aqueous phase isseparated and extracted with ether (10 ml). The aqueous phase issaturated with sodium chloride and extracted with ether (3×10 ml). Theether extracts are dried over sodium sulfate, concentrated andreconcentrated from chloroform to give1-(3-chloropyrazin-2-yl)piperazine. A solution of indol-2-carboxylicacid (18 mg) and 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (19 mg) in dry tetrahydrofuran(1 ml) is stirred for one hour at 20°-25° and a solution of the abovepiperazine (25 mg) in tetrahydrofuran (1 ml) is added. After 2 hr, themixture is diluted with methylene chloride (30 ml), washed with waterand dried with saline and sodium sulfate. Removal of solvent gives asolid which is chromatographed on a 20 ml bed of silica gel packed withmethylene chloride and eluted with 50 ml of 1%, 100 ml of 2% and 100 mlof 3% methanol/methylene chloride, the appropriate fractions are pooledand concentrated to give the title compound, which solidifies ontrituration with ether, mp 164°-167°, decomp.

EXAMPLE 582-(2-(N-Methyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)amino)ethoxy)-3-(1-methylethylamino)pyridine(III)

Acetone (0.3 ml) and sodium cyanoborohydride (35 mg) are added to asolution of2-(2-N-methyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)amino)ethoxy)-3-aminopyridine(PREPARATION 39) in ethanol (10 ml) containing dimethylformamide. Aceticacid is added to adjust the pH to 4 as measured by placing an aliquot onmoistened pH indicator paper. Additional sodium cyanoborohydride (20 and25 mg) and acetic acid are added at intervals. After stirring 3 days at20°-25° the pH is adjusted to 2, the solution is neutralized withaqueous sodium hydroxide and concentrated under reduced pressure. Theresidue is taken up with chloroform and extracted with water, saturatedpotassium carbonate and water. The organic phase is dried with salineand magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. Thematerial is chromatographed on silica gel with 1% methanol/chloroform,pooling appropriate fractions and then purified by preparative layerchromatography on silica gel with ethyl acetate/hexane (1/1) collectingthe band with R_(f) =0.25-0.38 to give the title compound, NMR (CDCl₃)10.06, 7.65, 7.44, 7.25, 7.11, 6.87, 6.77, 6.67, 4.67, 4.0, 3.48, 3.26,1.05 δ.

EXAMPLE 592-(2-(Indolyl-2-carboxy)ethoxy)-3-(1-methylethylamino)pyridine (III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 52 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with2-(2-(indolyl-2-carboxy)ethoxy)-3-nitropyridine (PREPARATION 49) thetitle compound is obtained, mp 104°-105.5°.

EXAMPLE 601-[5-(Ethoxycarbonylmethoxy)indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[5-Hydroxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 38, 95 mg) is added in one portion to a suspension of sodiumiodide (6.75 mg) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (38 mg) in drydimethylformamide (4.5 ml dried over molecular sieves). After stirringfor 20 min ethyl bromoacetate is added dropwise. The reaction mixture isthen allowed to stir for about 72 hr at 20°-25°. The reaction mixture isdiluted with ethyl acetate, washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate,and saline, dried over magnesium sulfate, and concentrated to give anoil. The oil is purified on a silica gel flash column eluting withhexane/ethyl acetate (1/1), the appropriate fractions are pooled andconcentrated to give an oil. This oil is crystallized from ether/hexaneto give the title compound, mp 125.5°-127.5°.

EXAMPLE 611-[5-(Carbomethoxyindolyl)-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethyl-amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazinesodium salt (III)

1-[5-(Ethoxycarbonylmethoxy)indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III, EXAMPLE 60, 102 mg) is hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide (2N, 0.11ml) in ethanol (1 ml). After stirring at 20°-25° for 1 hr, the reactionmixture is diluted with high purity water, frozen, and lyophilized toafford the title compound, mp 273°-276°.

EXAMPLE 621-(Benzimidazolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Benzimidazole-2-carboxylic acid (84 mg) and 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (84mg) are dissolved in dry THF (1 ml) and stirred at 20°-25° for 130 min.The resulting solution is added via canula to a -10° cooled solution of1[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (International Publication NoPCT/US86/01797, PREPARATION A-47, 122 mg) in dry THF (1 ml). Thereaction mixture is then allowed to reach 20°-25° overnight. Thereaction mixture is then diluted with ethyl acetate, washed withsaturated sodium bicarbonate, saline, and water, dried over magnesiumsulfate, and concentrated to give an oil. The oil is purified on asilica gel flash column eluting with hexane/ethyl acetate, theappropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give a solid. Thesolid is recrystallized from hexane/methylene chloride the titlecompound, mp 161°-163°.

EXAMPLE 631-(5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-methylamino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

5-Fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (98 mg) and 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole(95 mg) are dissolved in dry THF (1 ml) and stirred for 2 hr at 20°-25°.The resulting solution is added via canula to a -10° cooled solution of4-[3-(methylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (117 mg) in dry THF (1 ml).The reaction mixture is then allowed to reach 20°-25° overnight. Thereaction mixture is then diluted with ethyl acetate, washed withsaturated sodium bicarbonate and saline, dried over magnesium sulfate,and concentrated to give a solid, which is purified on a silica gelflash column eluting with hexane/ethyl acetate (1/1). The appropriatefractions are pooled and concentrated to give a solid. Recrystallizationof the solid from ethyl acetate/ether gives the title compound, mp194°-195°.

EXAMPLE 641-(5-Methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-(methylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 63 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid, thetitle compound is obtained, mp 199°-201°.

EXAMPLE 651-(Indolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-(methylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 63 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with indole-2-carboxylic acid, the titlecompound is obtained, mp 153°-154°.

EXAMPLE 661-[Naphthyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 62 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 2-napthoic acid the title compound isobtained, mp 146°-148°.

EXAMPLE 671-[5-(Benzyloxycarbonylmethoxy)indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[5-Hydroxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 38, 198 mg) is added to a heterogeneous solution containinganhydrous potassium carbonate (98 mg), sodium iodide (18 mg) anddimethylformamide (1 ml). After stirring for 15 min benzyl bromoacetate(0.087 ml) is added dropwise. The reaction mixture is allowed to stirfor three days and then it is diluted with ethyl acetate, washed withsaturated sodium bicarbonate and water, dried over magnesium sulfate,and concentrated to give an oil. The oil is purified through a silicagel flash column eluting with hexane/ethyl acetate (1/1), theappropriate fractions are pooled and concentrated to give a colorlessoil. This oil solidifies on standing to give the title compound, mp134°-137°.

EXAMPLE 681-[5-(Carboxymethoxy)indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Palladium on carbon (10%, 44 mg) is added to a solution of1-[5-(Benzyloxycarbonylmethoxy)indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 67, 128 mg) in absolute ethanol (10 ml) and this mixture issubjected to 40 psi of hydrogen gas. After shaking for 2 hr, thereaction mixture is filtered and the solid material washed with absoluteethanol. The filtrate is concentrated and filtered through Celite givethe title compound; NMR (CDCl₃ /TMS) 1.22, 3.12, 3.52, 3.96, 4.62, 6.62,6.78-7.05, 7.14, 7.69 and 10.28 δ.

EXAMPLE 691-[Pyrrolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (0.30 g),1-(3-(1-methylethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (PREPARATION 9, 0.59 g)and 1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (0.62 g), the titlecompound is obtained; NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 7.68, 6.95-6.90, 6.83, 6.56,6.25, 4.16, 3.98, 3.56, 3.12 and 1.25 δ.

EXAMPLE 701-[Pyrrolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid (0.50 g),1-(3-ethyl-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (0.97 g), CDI (0.77 g) and THF (9 ml),the title compound is obtained, mp 61°-62°; NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) 9.46,7.70, 6.96-6.90, 6.84, 6.56, 6.25, 4.20, 3.98, 3.14 and 1.31 δ.

EXAMPLE 711-[6-Methoxy-7-methylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 6-methoxy-7-methylindole-2-carboxylic acid(0.23 g), 1-(3-ethyl-2-pyridinyl) piperazine (0.24 g),1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.19 g) and THF (3 ml), the title compound isobtained, mp 162°-163°.

EXAMPLE 721-[5,6-Dimethoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 16A and makingnon-critical variations but starting with5,6-dimethoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (0.42 g),1-(3-(1-methylethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (0.42 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (0.64 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 242°-243°.

EXAMPLE 731-[3-methylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 3-methylindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 42, 0.58 g),1-(3-(1-methylethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (0.73 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (0.76 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 191°-192°.

EXAMPLE 741-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[2-(1-methylethylamino)-4-fluorophenyl]piperazine(III)

1-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[2-amino-4-fluorophenyl]piperazine (PREPARATION44, 0.74 g) is dissolved in methanol (4.5 ml) and glacial acetic acid(3.13 ml) and acetone (0.24 ml) are added. After 10 min of stirring,sodium cyanoborohydride (0.21 g) is added and the reaction is stirred 24hr. Then mixture is poured into aqueous sodium hydroxide (10%, 75 ml)and extracted with chloroform (3×100 ml), dried over anhydrous sodiumsulfate and filtered through a plug (20 g) of silica gel. The silica iswashed with methanol/chloroform (5/95, 100 ml). The organic phases arecombined and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the titlecompound, mp 154°-155°.

EXAMPLE 751-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[2-(1-methylethylamino)-5-fluorophenyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 74 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[2-amino-5-fluorophenyl]piperazine (PREPARATION46, 0.42 g), the title compound is obtained, mp 193°-194°.

EXAMPLE 761-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with indole-2-carboxylic acid (0.12 g),1-[3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 48, 0.17 g)and 1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (0.17 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 181°-182°.

EXAMPLE 771-[3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxybenzoyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-phenyl]piperazine(IV)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxybenzoic acid (0.075g), 1-[3-(ethylamino)-2-phenyl]piperazine (0.094 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (0.10 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 75°-77°.

EXAMPLE 781-[3,5-Dimethyl-4-methoxybenzoyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxybenzoic acid (0.075g), 1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.101 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (0.096 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 89°-93°.

EXAMPLE 801-[5-Methoxyindolyl-2-methyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(IV)

1-[5-Methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(0.20 g) is dissolved in toluene (0.5 ml) and cooled to -10°. Thendiisobutylaluminum hydride (1M in toluene, 2.0 ml) is added dropwise viasyringe. The reaction is slowly warmed to 20°-25° and stirred for 18 hr.Then 2 more equivalents of diisobutylaluminum hydride are added and thereaction is warmed to 50°. After 3 hr, the reaction is cooled to 20°-25°and quenched by the dropwise addition of 9.3 ml of methanol followed bywater (0.75 ml). The mixture is stirred for 30 min and the precipitateis filtered off and the mother liquors are concentrated under reducedpressure. The product is recrystallized from ethyl acetate to providethe title compound, mp 203°-204°.

EXAMPLE 811-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine (III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 1-(3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine(0.96 g), the title compound is obtained, mp 162°-164°.

EXAMPLE 821-(5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-(3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 1-(3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine(0.96 g), the title compound is obtained, mp 168°-169°.

EXAMPLE 831-(Indolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-1,4-diazepine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-1,4-diazepine (0.5 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 171°-173°.

EXAMPLE 841-(5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-(3-(1-methylethylamino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-(3-(1-methylethylamino-2-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepine (0.50 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 135°-136°.

EXAMPLE 851-[2-(5N-(N',N'-Dimethylaminomethylene)aminoindolyl)carbonyl]-4-(3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl)piperazine,methane sulfonate (III)

Dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal (0.067 g) and1-[2-(5-aminoindolyl)carbonyl]-4-(3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(EXAMPLE 101, 0.14 g) are dissolved in dimethylformamide (0.7 ml). Thereaction is stirred at 20°-25° for 3 hr, then diluted withmethanol/chloroform (5/95), washed with water (3×), saline, dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure.Purification by flash column chromatography (30 g silica gel) elutingwith methanol/chloroform (5/95), pooling and concentration of theappropriate fractions gives a solid. Recrystallization of the solid fromethyl acetate/hexane gives the title compound, mp 139°-142°.

The free base is dissolved in methanol and 1 eq. of methanesulfonic acidis added. Ether is added until cloudy and the vessel set aside untilcrystallization is complete. Filtration provided the mesyl salt of thetitle compound, mp 203°-206°.

EXAMPLE 861-[5-(2'-Aminoacetamido)indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl)piperazinehydrochloride (III)

1-[5-(2'-benzyloxyglycylamino)indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-(3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(PREPARATION 60, 2.58 g) is dissolved in ethanol/THF (2/1, 150 ml) andpalladium on carbon (10%, 0.3 g) is added. The reaction is hydrogenatedat 40 psi for 10 hr, then filtered through a pad of celite andconcentrated under reduced pressure to give the free base of the titlecompound.

The amine is dissolved in methanol and cooled to 20°-25°, then 1 eq. oftrimethylsilyl chloride is added and ether is added until cloudy. Thesolids formed are recrystallized from methanol/ether to give the titlecompound, mp 189°-191°.

EXAMPLE 871-[6-Methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 63, 0.35 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.40 g),1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.31 g) and THF (6.6 ml), the title compoundis obtained, mp 191°-193°.

EXAMPLE 881-[4-Methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 4-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 69, 0.35 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.44 g),1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.30 g) and THF (3.6 ml), the title compoundis obtained, mp 196°-197°.

EXAMPLE 891-[5-Methylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-methylindole-2-carboxylic acid (0.23 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.29 g) and1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.21 g) the title compound is obtained, mp199°-201°.

EXAMPLE 901-[5,6-Methylenedioxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5,6-methylenedioxyindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 79, 0.30 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.32 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (0.34 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 220°-221°.

EXAMPLE 911-[5-Fluoro-6-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-fluoro-6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 92, 0.30 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.32 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (0.33 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 193°-194°.

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-fluoro-6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 92, 0.30 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.32 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (0.33 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 193°-194°.

EXAMPLE 921-[7-Bromo-6-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethyl-amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 7-bromo-6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 83, 0.30 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.25 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (0.326 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 179°-180°.

EXAMPLE 931-[5-Bromoindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-bromoindole-2-carboxylic acid (0.51 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.47 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (0.49 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 229°-230°.

EXAMPLE 941-[5-Bromo-6-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-bromo-6-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 82, 0.40 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.33 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (0.34 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 202°-204°.

EXAMPLE 951-[6-(N,N-Dimethylamino)indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 6-(N,N-dimethylamino)indole-2-carboxylicacid (PREPARATION 89, 0.40 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.43 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (0.45 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 153°-154°.

EXAMPLE 971-[4-Methylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 4-methylindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 86, 0.40 g),1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.50 g) and1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (0.52 g), the titlecompound is obtained, mp 165°-167°.

EXAMPLE 991-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylpropyl)amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with indole-2-carboxylic acid (0.21 g),1-[3-(1-methylpropyl)amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.30 g),1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylamino-propyl)carbodiimide (0.29 g) and THF (3 ml),the title compound is obtained, mp 165°-166°.

EXAMPLE 1001-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-ethylpropyl)amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with indole-2-carboxylic acid (0.095 g),1-[3-(1-ethylpropyl)amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 73, 0.15g), 1-(ethyl)-3-(dimethylamino-propyl)carbodiimide (0.14 g) and THF (1.2ml), the title compound is obtained, mp 190°-192°.

EXAMPLE 1011-[5-Aminoindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[5-Nitroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 103, 1.0 g) is dissolved in ethanol (60 ml) and THF (60 ml) andpalladium on carbon (10%, 0.15 g) is added. The reaction is hydrogenatedat 40 psi for 14 hr, then filtered through celite and concentrated underreduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography, eluting withethyl acetate/hexane (50/50→75/25), pooling and concentrating theappropriate fractions gives the title compound, mp 212°-214°.

EXAMPLE 1021-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(2',2'-dimethylpropylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of PROCEDURE 8 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[5-fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 78, 0.15 g), sodium cyanoborohydride (29.4 mg),trimethylacetaldehyde (38.1 mg), acetic acid and methanol (0.9 ml), thetitle compound is obtained, mp 205°-206°.

EXAMPLE 1031-[5-Nitroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-nitroindole-2-carboxylic acid (0.86 g),1-[3-(N-isopropyl)amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.43 g),1-(ethyl)-3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (0.45 g) and THF (4 ml),the title compound is obtained, mp 153°-154°.

EXAMPLE 1041-[5-Acetamidoindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[5-Aminoindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 101, 0.075 g) is dissolved in methylene chloride (0.4 ml) andpyridine (0.016 g) is added and the reaction is cooled to 0°. Acetylchloride (0.016 g) is added and stirred for 2.5 hr. The reaction mixtureis diluted with chloroform and washed with saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate, saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate andconcentrated under reduced pressure. Purification by flash columnchromatography, eluting with ethyl acetate, pooling and concentratingthe appropriate fractions gives the title compound, mp 136°-138°.

EXAMPLE 1051-[5-Methanesulfonamidoindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[5-Aminoindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 101, 0.075 g) is dissolved in methylene chloride (0.4 ml) andpyridine (0.016 g) is added and the reaction is cooled to 0°. Thenmethanesulfonyl chloride (0.023 g) is added. After 2.5 hr of stirring,the reaction is diluted with chloroform and washed with saturatedaqueous sodium bicarbonate, saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfateand concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrate is dissolved inthe minimum amount of chloroform and passed through a small plug ofsilica gel and then it is recrystallized with ethyl acetate/hexane toprovide the title compound, mp 226°-228°.

EXAMPLE 1061-[5-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(2-methoxy-1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATION 8 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[5-fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-amino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 129, 0.15 g), methoxyacetone (0.04 g), sodiumcyanoborohydride (0.029 g), acetic acid (0.53 g) and methanol (0.8 ml),the title compound is obtained, mp 163°-164°.

EXAMPLE 107N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridyl]ethylenediamine(IV)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 52 and making non-criticalvariations and employingN,N'-dimethyl-N-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)ethylenediamine(PREPARATION 74) the title compound is obtained, mp 116.5°-117°.

EXAMPLE 108N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(5-fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-(3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridyl)ethylenediamine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 52 and making non-criticalvariations and employingN,N'-dimethyl-N-(5-fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)ethylenediamine(PREPARATION 75) the title compound is obtained, mp 121°-122.5°.

EXAMPLE 1091-(7-Azaindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-(3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 1 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 7-azaindole-2-carboxylic acid (PREPARATION76) and 1-(3-(1-methylethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (II, PREPARATION9) the title compound is obtained, mp 174°-175°.

EXAMPLE 1101-(5-Azaindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-(3-(1-methylethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 1 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-azaindole-2-carboxylic acid (PREPARATION77) and 1-(3-(1-methylethylamino-2-pyridinyl)piperazine (II, PREPARATION9) the title compound is obtained.

EXAMPLE 111N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-(3-(ethylamino-2-pyridinyl)-1,3-propanediamine(III)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATIONS 34 and 35 and EXAMPLE 52making noncritical variations but starting withN,N'-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine and employing acetaldehyde in the finalreductive alkylation step the title compound is obtained, mp128.2°-130.2°.

EXAMPLE 112N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-(3-(ethylamino-2-pyridyl)-1,6-hexanediamine(III)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATIONS 34 and 35 and EXAMPLE 52making noncritical variations but starting withN,N'-dimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine and employing acetaldehyde in the finalreductive alkylation step the title compound is obtained, mp 146°decomp.

EXAMPLE 1131-[6-Formylindoyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 6-formylindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 98), and 1-(3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl)piperazine(PREPARATION 9), the title compound is obtained.

EXAMPLE 1141-[6-Nitroindoyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 6-nitroindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 95), the title compound is obtained.

EXAMPLE 1151-[5-Azido-2-indolylcarbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[5-amino-2-indolylcarbonyl]-4]3-(methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(0.34 g) is dissolved in 30 ml of 80% acetic acid/water and cooled to-10°. Then sodium nitrite (0.0656 g) dissolved in 1.25 ml of water isprecooled to 0° and then added dropwise to the aminoindole. After 30min, sodium azide (0.062 g) dissolved in 1.25 ml of water is precooledto 0° and added dropwise. The reaction is stirred 2 hr at -10°. Then 30ml of water is added and the product is extracted with ether (3×30 ml),saturated sodium carbonate (0°), water, saline, and then dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate. Purification by flash column chromatography(100 g silica gel, 25% ethyl acetate/chloroform) afforded 0.16 g of theproduct which is further purified by crystallization from ethylacetate/tetrahydrofuran/hexane to provide the title compound, NMR (300MHz, CD₃ OD) 7.39, 7.28, 7.16, 6.85-6.70, 6.66, 3.86, 3.48, 2.93, and1.08 δ.

EXAMPLE 1161-[4-Methoxy-3,4-dimethylbenzyl]-4-(3-(2-propenylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,hydrochloride (IV)

A mixture of 3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxybenzyl chloride (0.13 g)1-[3-(2-propenylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 118, 0.14 g),anhydrous potassium carbonate (0.18 g) and acetonitrile (6 ml) isrefluxed under nitrogen for 18 hr. The mixture is cooled and thendiluted with dichloromethane and aqueous saturated potassium carbonatesolution. The phases are separated. The organic phase is dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to an oil. The oil is flashchromatographed (1% methanol/chloroform) to provide 0.18 g of the titlecompound which is dissolved in ethereal hydrogen chloride to provide thehydrochloride salt, HRMS: calc. 366.2419 for C₂₂ H₃ ON₄ O, found366.2425.

EXAMPLE 1171-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(2-fluoroethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-[3-(2'-fluoroethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 106, 0.49g), EDC (0.49 g), indole-2-carboxylic acid (0.32 g), the title compoundis obtained, 180°-181°.

EXAMPLE 1181-[Indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethyl)amino-2-pyrazinyl]-1,4-diazepine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with indole-2-carboxylic acid (0.19 g) and1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyrazinyl]-1,4-diazepine (PREPARATION 107),the title compound is obtained, m.p. 106°-107°.

EXAMPLE 1191-[5-Benzyloxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[4-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridazinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 5-benzyloxyindole-2-carboxylic acid, and1-[4-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridazinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION110), the title compound is obtained, dec. 132°-133°.

EXAMPLE 1201-[5-Hydroxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[4-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridazinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[5-Benzyloxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[4-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridazinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 119) is dissolved in 20 ml of methanol and 6 mg of 10%palladium on carbon is added followed by 0.25 g of ammonium formate.After stirring 2 hr at 20°-25° the reaction is briefly heated with aheat gun to 40°-50° and then allowed to stir at 20°-25° a further 1 hr.Then it is filtered through celite, the filter pad is washed withmethanol, tetrahydrofuran and the organics are combined and concentratedin vacuo to afford 1.33 g. The product is dissolved in 10%methanol/chloroform and washed with water, saline, dried over anhdroussodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound,dec. 274°.

EXAMPLE 1211-[Benz[g]indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with benz[g]indole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 112, 0.3 g) and1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 9, 0.34g), the title compound is obtained, m.p. 190°.

EXAMPLE 1221-[Benz[e]indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with benz[e]indole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 116, 0.5 g) and1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 8, 0.52g), the title compound is obtained, m.p. 228°-231°.

EXAMPLE 123N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-(3-ethylamino-2-pyridyl)ethylenediamine(III)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATIONS 34 and 35 and EXAMPLE 52making non-critical variations but employing acetaldehyde in the finalreductive alkylation step the title compound is obtained, mp140.0°-140.5°.

EXAMPLE 124N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridyl]-1,4-butanediamine(III)

Following the general procedure of PREPARATIONS 34 and 35 and EXAMPLE 52and making non-critical variations but employingN,N'-dimethyl-1,4-butanediamine, the title compound is obtained, mp115.8°-116.5°.

EXAMPLE 1251-[6-Hydroxymethylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethyl-amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 6-hydroxymethylindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 121), and 1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 9), the title compound is obtained.

EXAMPLE 1261-[6-Hydroxymethylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16A and making non-criticalvariations but starting with 6-hydroxymethylindole-2-carboxylic acid(PREPARATION 121), the title compound is obtained.

EXAMPLE 1271-[6-(N,N-Dimethylamino)methylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

1-[6-Methanesulfonylmethylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(PREPARATION 122) is dissolved in acetonitrile and anhydrous potassiumcarbonate and dimethylamine were added. The reaction is heated to refluxand additional dimethylamine is added as necessary. After completion ofthe reaction, it is poured into anhydrous sodium bicarbonate andextracted with chloroform. The organic layers are dried over anhydroussodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to provide the title compound.

EXAMPLE 1281-[Indolyl-7-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with indole-7-carboxylic acid, the titlecompound is formed (mp 154°-155°).

EXAMPLE 1291-[2,3-Didehydroindolyl-7-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (PREPARATION 9) isdissolved in dimethylformamide and5,6-dihydro-pyrrole-[3,2,1,i,j]-[3,1]benzoxazine-1,3-dione (J.Heterocyclic Chemistry 23, 971 (1986) is added. The reaction is allowedto stir 6 hr. Then it is diluted with water and the solids are collectedby filtration and recrystallized from acetonitrile to provide the titlecompound, mp 171°-172°.

EXAMPLE 1301-[2,3-Didehydroindolyl-7-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

4-[3-(Ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine is dissolved indimethylformamide and5,6-dihydro-pyrrolo-[3,2,1,i,j]-[3,1]benzoxazine-1,3-dione (J.Heterocyclic Chemistry, 23, 971 (1986) is added. The reaction is allowedto stir 2.5 hr. Then it is diluted with water and the solids arecollected by filtration and recrystallized from acetonitrile to providethe title compound, mp 148°-149°.

EXAMPLE 1311-(Indolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-(N-methyl-N-(3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl)amino)piperidine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 52 and making non-criticalvariations but starting with1-(indolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-(N-methyl-N-(3-nitro-2-pyridinyl)amino)piperidine(PREPARATION 127) the title compound is obtained, NMR (CDCl₃) 9.92,7.72, 7.62, 7.43, 7.25, 7.11, 6.84, 6.77, 4.68, 4.50, 3.56, 3.48, 3.14,2.65, 1.94, 1.67 and 1.22 δ.

EXAMPLE 1321-[6-Fluoroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinylpiperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but using 6-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (PREPARATION 66,0.32 g) and 1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.40 g),the title compound is obtained, mp 177°-178°.

EXAMPLE 1331-[5,6-Dimethoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 and making non-criticalvariations but using 5,6-dimethoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (0.50 g) and1-[3-ethylamino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine (0.51 g), the title compound isobtained,

HMRS=409.2113 (theory for C₂₂ H₂₇ N₅ O₃ is 409.2114.

EXAMPLES 134-152 See CHART F

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 16 or 16A and makingnon-critical variations but using the [aryl/heteroaryl]-carboxylic acidof Column A and the pyridyl linker of Column B, the correspondingcompounds of Column C are obtained.

EXAMPLE 1531-[2-(5-N',N'-Dimethylaminomethylene)aminoindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLES 101 and 85 and makingnon-critical variations but using1-[5-nitroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(EXAMPLE 151, the title compound is obtained.

EXAMPLE 1541-[(6-Dimethylaminomethyl)indolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine(III)

Following the general procedure of EXAMPLE 127 and PREPARATION 122 andmaking non-critical variations but starting with1-[6-hydroxymethylindolyl)-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,the title compound is obtained. ##STR30##

    __________________________________________________________________________    CHART F                                                                       Example                                                                            Column A        Column B        Column C                                 __________________________________________________________________________    134  Indole-2-carboxylic acid                                                                      N,N'-dimethyl-N-[3-(1-                                                                        N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-                                   methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-                                                               carbonyl)-N'-[3-(1-                                           2E-butylenediamine                                                                            methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-                                               2E-butylenediamine                       135  5-Methoxyindole-2-carboxylic                                                                  N,N'-dimethyl-N-[3-(1-                                                                        N,N'-Dimethyl-N-(5-                           acid            methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-                                                               methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-                                2E-butylenediamine                                                                            [3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-                                                    pyridinyl]-2E-butylenediamine            136  5-Methoxyindole-2-carboxylic                                                                  N,N'-dimethyl-N-[3-(1-                                                                        N,N'-dimethyl-N-(5-                           acid            methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-                                                               methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-N'-                                2Z-butylenediamine                                                                            [3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-                                                    pyridinyl]-2Z-butylenediamine            137  Indole-2-carboxylic acid                                                                      N,N'-dimethyl-N-[3-(1-                                                                        N,N'-dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-                                   methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-                                                               carbonyl)-N'-[3-(1-                                           2Z-butylenediamine                                                                            methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-                                               2Z-butylenediamine                       138  Indole-2-carboxylic acid                                                                      2,2,N,N'-tetramethyl-N-[3-(1-                                                                 2,2,N,N'-tetramethyl-N-(indolyl-                              methylethylamino)-2-                                                                          2-carbonyl)-N'-[3-(1-                                         pyridinyl]-1,3-propanediamine                                                                 methylethylamino)-2-                                                          pyridinyl]-1,3-propanediamine            139  Indole-2-carboxylic acid                                                                      N,N'-dimethyl-N-[3-(1-                                                                        N,N'-dimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-                                   methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-                                                               carbonyl)-N'-[(3-(1-                                          3-oxa-1,5-pentanediamine                                                                      methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]-                                               3-oxa-1,5-pentanediamine                 140  Indole-2-carboxylic acid                                                                      N,N',N"-trimethyl-N-[3-(1-                                                                    N,N',N"-trimethyl-N-(indolyl-2-                               methylethylamino)-2-                                                                          carbonyl)-N"[(3-(1-                                           pyridinyl]diethylenetriamine                                                                  methylethylamino)-2-                                                          pyridinyl]diethylenetriamine             141  6-Cyanoindole-2-carboxylic acid                                                               1-[3-(1-ethylamino)-2-                                                                        1-(6-cyanoindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-                              pyridinyl]piperazine                                                                          [3-(ethylamino)-2-                                                            pyridinyl]piperazine                     142  6-Cyanoindole-2-carboxylic acid                                                               1-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-                                                                  1-(6-cyanoindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-                              pyridinyl]piperazine                                                                          [3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-                                                    pyridinyl]piperazine                     143  6-(1-Pyrrolidinyl)indole-2-                                                                   1-[3-(methylethylamino)-2-                                                                    1-(6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)indolyl-2-               carboxylic acid pyridinyl]piperazine                                                                          carbonyl)-4-[3-(1-                                                            methylethylamino)-2-                                                          pyridinyl]piperazine                     144  6-(1-Pyrrolidinyl)indole-2-                                                                   1-[3-(ethylamino)-2-                                                                          1-(6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)indolyl-2-               carboxylic acid pyridinyl]piperazine                                                                          carbonyl)-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-                                                pyridinyl]piperazine                     145  5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic                                                                  1-[(3-methylamino)-2-                                                                         1-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-car-                    acid            pyridinyl]piperazine                                                                          bonyl)-4-[3-methylamino-2-                                                    pyridinyl]piperazine                     146  5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic                                                                  1-[(3-propylamino)-2-                                                                         1-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-car-                    acid            pyridinyl]piperazine                                                                          bonyl)-4-[3-propylamino-2-                                                    pyridinyl]piperazine                     147  5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic                                                                  1-[(3-cyclopropylmethyl                                                                       1-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-car-                    acid            amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine                                                                 bonyl)-4-[3-(cyclo-                                                           propylmethylamino)-2-                                                         pyridinyl]piperazine                     148  5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic                                                                  1-[3-(1,1-dimethylethyl                                                                       1-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-car-                    acid            amino)-2-pyrazinyl]piperazine                                                                 bonyl)-4-[3-(1,1-                                                             dimethylethylamino)-2-                                                        pyrazinyl]piperazine                     149  6-dimethylaminoindole-2-                                                                      1-[3-(1,1-dimethylethyl                                                                       1-(6-dimethylaminoindolyl-2-                  carboxylic acid amino)-2-pyrazinyl]piperazine                                                                 carbonyl)-4-[3-(1,1-                                                          dimethylethylamino)-2-                                                        pyrazinyl]piperazine                     150  6-dimethylaminoindole-2-                                                                      1-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-                                                              1-[(6-dimethylarninoindolyl)-2-               carboxylic acid pyridinyl]piperazine                                                                          carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-                                                          dimethylethylamino)-2-                                                        pyridinyl]piperazine                     151  5-nitroindole-2-carboxylic acid                                                               1-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-                                                              1-[5-nitroindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-                              pyridinyl]piperazine                                                                          [3-(1,1-dimethylethyl                                                         amino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine            152  6-hydroxymethylindole-2-                                                                      1-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-                                                              1-[(6-hydroxymethylindolyl)-2-                carboxylic acid pyridinyl]piperazine                                                                          carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-                                                          dimethylethylamino)-2-                                                        pyridinyl]piperazine                     __________________________________________________________________________

                  TABLE 1                                                         ______________________________________                                        CHART G                                                                       The utility of this invention is demonstrated by the ability of the           compounds used to inhibit viral reverse transcriptase, an enzyme              essential for human immunodeficiency virus replication. This                  enzyme has characteristics which differentiate it from other                  known cellular polymerases and it is a unique enzyme which is                 not found in uninfected cells.                                                                               PBL.sup.3                                                                     INHIBITION OF                                           RT %.sup.1                                                                             INHIBITION.sup.2                                                                           VIRAL                                                   INHIBI-  OF SYNCYTIA  REPLICATION                                             TION     FORMATION    (p24 & RNA)                                    EXAMPLE  (100 μM)                                                                            ED.sub.50 (μM)                                                                          ED.sub.50 (μM)                              ______________________________________                                        1        60-79    10           1                                              3        70-76    1-2.5        1                                              4        58       2.5          ≧10                                     5        39-42    2            NA                                             10       72-87    5            >1                                             11       95-98    0.3-3        0.01-0.1                                       12       64-80    <0.3         5-10                                           16       85-88    1.3          0.003                                          16A      NA       <0.2         0.001                                          17       96       ≦0.3  ≦0.01                                   19       65-71    3            0.1-1                                          20       64       10           1                                              21       44-74    1            0.01-1                                         22       76-82    <0.3-5       0.01                                           23       92-95    <0.3         0.003-0.01                                     24       65-70    16           0.01-0.1                                       25       96       ≦0.3-0.4                                                                            0.003                                          26       97       ≦0.3-0.5                                                                            0.003                                          27       37-57    >0.001       10                                             28       70       >26          0.1-1                                          29       75-83    2.8          0.1-1                                          31       65-71    3            0.1-1                                          32       96       <0.3         0.003-0.01                                     34       41       NA           <10                                            35       57-70    NA           NA                                             36       69-84    NA           0.01                                           37       82-95    0.3          0.1                                            38       96-98    NA           <0.001                                         42       63       2            10                                             44       89       0.1          0.001-0.01                                     45       83-91    0.5          0.01-0.1                                       46       89       1            0.001-0.01                                     47       91       NA           0.001-0.01                                     48       63-92    NA           0.01-0.1                                       49       84-94    NA           ≦0.1                                    50       84-97    NA           0.1                                            51       55       NA           NA                                             52       89-94    NA           0.1-1                                          53       82-94    NA           0.001-0.01                                     54       70-80    NA           0.1                                            55       66-79    NA           0.1-1                                          56       79-93    NA           0.1-1                                          57       52-65    NA           NA                                             58       94-98    NA           <0.1                                           59       61-75    NA           NA                                             60       89-92    NA           0.1-1                                          61       91       NA           1                                              62       64-78    NA           1-10                                           63       82-88    NA           1                                              64       88-94    NA           ≦1                                      65       81-93    NA           ≦0.001                                  66       68-79    > 280        1-10                                           67       60-84    NA           NA                                             68       78-95    NA           NA                                             69       95       NA           0.1                                            70       83-91    2            ≧1                                      71       88-95    NA           0.01-0.1                                       72       43-66    NA           <0.01                                          73       94-95    NA           <0.001                                         74       82-84    NA           0.01-0.1                                       75       77       NA           0.01-0.1                                       76       65-76    NA           0.1-1                                          78       74       NA           NA                                             80       61-70    NA           NA                                             81       90-98    0.9          <0.001                                         82       87-93    10           0.01-0.1                                       83       97-98    <0.3         <0.001                                         84       97       NA           <0.001                                         85       93-96    <0.2         0.001-0.01                                     86       78-96    <0.2         0.001-0.01                                     87       96-98    NA           0.01                                           88       56-88    NA           0.1                                            89       61-74    NA           0.1                                            90       96       NA           <0.001                                         91       85-91    NA           0.1                                            92       94       NA           0.1-1                                          93       87       NA           NA                                             94       85       NA           0.01-0.1                                       95       81-93    NA           <0.001                                         97       52-80    NA           ≦0.01                                   99       93-95    NA           0.001-0.01                                     100      81-82    NA           NA                                             101      93-96    NA           0.01                                           102      48       NA           10                                             103      72       NA           <0.01                                          104      92-96    NA           0.01                                           105      82-96    NA           ≦0.001                                  106      76-81    NA           ≦0.001                                  107      77- 87   NA           NA                                             108      77-89    NA           NA                                             109      56-82    NA           NA                                             111      86-92    NA           NA                                             112      74-82    NA           NA                                             113      92-96    NA           NA                                             116      45-52    NA           <10                                            117      92       NA           NA                                             119      53-58    NA           NA                                             120      87-90    NA           NA                                             121      64-70    NA           NA                                             122      84       NA           NA                                             123      47-60    NA           NA                                             124      95       NA           >0.1                                           128      89-98    NA           NA                                             129      68-84    NA           NA                                             130      48-59    NA           NA                                             131      85-97    NA           NA                                             132      95-98    NA           0.001-0.01                                     133      76-84    1            0.01                                           ______________________________________                                         NA = not available.                                                           .sup.1 Viral reverse transcriptase is found in extracts from bacterial        clones prepared according to the procedure described by Larder, B.,           Purifoy D., Powell, K. and Darby, G., AIDS virus reverse transcriptase        defined by high level expression in Escherichia coli., EMBO J. 6,             3133-3137 (1987). Inhibition of this enzyme is determined in a cell free      assay which measures the level of radioactive precursors incorporated int     DNA. Extracts prepared according to the procedure of Kleid, D. G., et al.     Science, 1125-1129 (1981) are incubated in a mixture of inhibitor, 20 mM      dithiothreitol, 60 mM sodium chloride, 0.05% NP-40, 10 mM magnesium           chloride, 50 mM Tris pH 8.3, 10 μM [.sup.35 Slabeled                       deoxynucleoside5triphosphate, 10 μg/ml RNA template (poly rC or poly       rG) and 5 μg/ml DNA primer (oligo dG or oligo dT) for 15 minutes at        37°. Incorporation of radio labeled precursor is determined by         harvesting the trichloroacetic acid precipitated reaction mixtures on         glass fiber filters, drying, and determining counts. The results of           various assays are combined and reported as % inhibition at a 100 μM       dose in Table I.                                                              .sup.2 The utility of this invention is further demonstrated by the           ability of various compounds used to inhibit HIVinduced syncytia formatio     in a tissue culture assay using MT2 cells infected with HIV1. This test i     described by Nara et al., Quantitative infectivity assay for HIV1 and 2,      Nature 332, 469-470 (1988), as well as in AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN             RETROVIRUSES, vol. 4, No. 6, pages 449-455 (1988), Mary Am Liebent, Inc.,     Publishers, and in an article by Mariano Busso, et al., entitled              "Nucleotide Dimers Suppress HIV Expression In Vitro". The results             (ED.sub.50 means the concentration, in μM of drug, required to inhibit     syncytia formation to the extent of 50%) of various assay are combined an     reported in Table I. In comparison, the known commercial compound, AZT,       exhibited similar antiHIV potency in this assay with 100 percent and 50       percent reductions in syncytia formation at concentrations of                 approximately 1 μM and 0.5 μM, respectively.                            .sup.3 The utility of the compounds of the invention is further               demonstrated by the activity of this compound in the inhibition of HIV        infection in primary peripheral blood lymphocytes (primary PBL assay). Th     primary PBL assay offers the following advantages: (a) The assays are         performed with primary human lymphocytes. Thereby, undesired testing of       transformed cell lines is avoided in which host cell and virus may have       undergone processes of mutual adaptation. Performance of cell culture in      serum containing media closely mimics the in vivo situation. (b) The          primary PBL assay distinguishes between true antivital effect which is du     to the drug and cytostatic/cytotoxic reactions. (c) Viral replication is      precisely followed by kinetic measurement of viral nucleic acids and          proteins. (d) Nucleic acids (total HIVRNA intra and extracellular) and        protein (secreted p24) are measured in parallel which permits one to          differentiate between the compound's effect on virus replication and on       the expression of viral proteins. This leads to additional information        regarding the efficacy of the test compound. (e) Tolerance of the cell        culture against low amounts of organic solvents also permits the              investigation of hydrophobic substances. (f) The dose of the drug causing     half maximal suppression of virus replication is determined. (g) The          screening system is standardized and automated to a high degree.         

The primary PBL assay uses the following procedure:

Effects of the compounds of the invention on cell proliferation aredetermined by lymphocyte proliferation assays. Starting with a 100micromolar solution, the compound is serially diluted 10 fold. One tenthof the concentration of a compound causing half maximal inhibition ofcellular proliferation is employed for all subsequent testing.

Peripheral human lymphocytes are isolated by density gradientcentrifugation. After stimulation by mitogen the cells are infected witha standardized preparation of HIV. Subsequently, the infected cells arecultured in the presence of the drug for four days. Individual culturesare established to measure viral replication three and four daysfollowing infection. Untreated cells and AZT-treated cells are includedas controls in parallel with the drugs under investigation.

The amount of viral core protein p24 synthesized and released by theinfected cells is determined in the supernatant by the capture-ELISAtechnique on days three and four. By comparing with a standardpreparation, the amount of protein produced by the virus infected cellsis quantified.

The total amount of viral RNA synthesized by the infected lymphocytes isdetermined by a special nucleic acid hybridization technique on daysthree and four of culture. By including a standard preparation ofHIV-RNA the amount of synthesized RNA is quantified.

If a drug shows antiviral effects in the primary assay, all steps of theprimary assay are repeated. In addition, viability of HIV-injected cellsis determined in parallel with assays for viral p24 and RNA. In order toevaluate the half maximal antiviral effect of the drug, a concentrationdependency of the drug action is measured.

Numerous examples of the compounds of the invention are assayedaccording to this procedure. The anti-HIV activity, as measured by theinhibition of the release of core p24 protein in HIV infected humanlymphocytes, is used to calculate ED₅₀ -antiviral (the concentrationrequired to give a 50% reduction in p24 synthesis). The results areshown in Table I.

We claim:
 1. An anti-AIDS piperazine (IV) selected from the groupconsistingof1-[5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-[5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-[5-hydroxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-[5-hydroxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-[5-methoxy-4,6,7-trimethylindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-[5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-(methylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-[5-methoxyindolyl-2-methyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-methylamino-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-propylamino-2-pyridinyl]piperzine,1-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-(cyclo-propylmethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,andenantiomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates and solvatesthereof.
 2. An anti-AIDS piperazine (IV) according to claim 1 whichis1-[5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-[5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-[5-hydroxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1-methylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-[5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(1,1-dimethylethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine,1-(5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl)-4-[3-(methylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine.3. An anti-AIDS piperazine (IV) according to claim 1 whichis1-[5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazine.4. An anti-AIDS piperazine (IV) according to claim 3 which is1-[5-methoxyindolyl-2-carbonyl]-4-[3-(ethylamino)-2-pyridinyl]piperazinemesylate.